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Page 315 Guerra et al. J Transl Genet Genom 2022;6:304-21 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/jtgg.2022.08

Transporter genes: ABCB1 (substrate/
inhibitor), ABCG2 (substrate/inhibitor), SLC22A8
(inhibitor)
Name: Famotidine Pathogenic genes: HRH2
IUPAC name: Propanimidamide, N’-(aminosulfonyl)-3-[[[2-[(diaminomethylene)amino]-4-thiazolyl]methyl]thio]- Mechanistic genes: HRH2, CAT, FOS
Molecular formular: C H N O S Metabolic genes:
8 15 7 2 3
Molecular weight: 337.45 g/mol Inhibitor: CYP1A2
Action: Famotidine works by reducing the amount of acid in the stomach, thereby reducing pain and allowing the ulcer to heal, Transporter genes: SLC22A6, SLC22A8
and through a competitive inhibition of histamine at H2 receptors of gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric acid secretion. (Substrate/inhibitor), SCL22A2 (Inhibitor), SLC47A1
Effect: Antiulcer agents and acid suppressants, histamine H2-antagonists (Inhibitor)
Name: Pilocarpine Pathogenic genes: BDNF
IUPAC name:. 2(3H)-Furanone, 3-ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-, monohydrochloride, (3S-cis)- Mechanistic genes:CHRM3,CHRM1, CHRM2,
Molecular Formula: C H N O CHRM4 BDNF; CHRNs; FOS; GRIA3
11 16 2 2
Molecular weight: 244.72 g/mol Metabolic genes: Substrate: CYP1A2 (minor),
Mechanism: Directly stimulates cholinergic receptors in eye causing miosis (by contraction of iris sphincter) and loss of CYP2C9 (minor), CYP2C19 (minor), CYP2D6 (minor),
accommodation (by constriction of ciliary muscle) and lowering of intraocular pressure (with decreased resistance to aqueous CYP3A4 (minor)
humor outflow) Inhibitor: CYP2A6, CYP3A4 (weak), CYP2A6 (weak),
Effect: Antiglaucoma agents, miotics, cholinergic agonists CYP2E1 (weak)
Name: Amitriptyline Pathogenic genes: ABCB1, GNB3, HTRs, NTRK2,
3 8
IUPAC Name: dimethyl(3-{tricyclo[9.4.0.0 , ]pentadeca-1(15),3,5,7,11,13-hexaen-2-ylidene}propyl)amine SLC6A4, TNF
Molecular Formula: C H ClN Mechanistic genes: ADRA1A, ADRA1B, ADRA1D,
24
20
Molecular Weight: 313.86426 g/mol ADRA2A, HTRs, HRH1, HRH2, HRH4, SIGMAR1,
Mechanism: Increases synaptic concentration of serotonin and/or norepinephrine NTRK1, NTRK2, OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1
in the central nervous system by inhibiting their reuptake in the presynaptic Metabolic genes: Substrate: CYP1A2 (minor),
neuronal membrane CYP2B6 (minor), CYP2C8, CYP2C9 (minor), CYP2C19
Effect: Adrenergic uptake inhibition, antimigraine activity, (minor), CYP2D6 (major), CYP3A4/5 (major), GSTP1,
analgesic (nonnarcotic) activity, antidepressant action UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT2B10
Inhibitor: CYP1A2 (moderate), CYP2C9 (moderate),
CYP2C19 (moderate), CYP2D6 (moderate), CYP2E1
(weak)
Transporter genes: ABCB1 (substrate/inhibitor),
ABCC2 (inhibitor), ABCG2 (inhibitor), KCNA1, KCNE2,
KCNH2, KCNQ1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, SCN5A, SLC6A2,
SLC6A4
Pleiotropic genes: FABP1, GNAS, GNB3, NTRK1, TNF
Name: Scopolamine Mechanistic genes: CHRM1, CHRM2, CHRM3,
IUPAC Name: Benzeneacetic acid, CHRM4, CHRM5, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, SI
α-(hydroxymethyl)-, 9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azatricyclo[3.3.1.02,4]non-7-yl ester, hydrobromide, trihydrate, Metabolic genes: Substrate:CYP3A4
[7(S)-(1α,2β,4β,5α,7β)]-
Molecular Formula: C H NO HBr H O
17 21 4 3 2
Molecular weight: 438.31 g/mol
Mechanism: Competitively inhibits acetylcholine and other cholinergic stimuli at autonomic effectors innervated by
postganglionic cholinergic nerves and, to a lesser extent, on smooth muscles that lack cholinergic innervation. Doses used to
decrease gastric secretions likely to cause dryness of mouth (xerostomia). Antagonizes histamine and serotonin
Effect: Anticholinergic agents, antimuscarinics/antispasmodics