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Page 458 Phadke et al. Intell Robot 2023;3:453-78 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ir.2023.27

Figure 6. A condensation of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm resiliency incorporation into its components and modules.

Designing specific experiment series for every application of UAV swarm technology is essential to ensure
the optimal functioning and performance of both individual components and the system as a whole. Each
application, whether it is environmental monitoring, disaster response, precision agriculture, or
surveillance, poses unique challenges and requirements that can influence how UAVs interact and
collaborate. By tailoring the experiment series to the specific application, researchers can comprehensively
assess the capabilities of individual UAV components, such as sensors, communication systems, and
autonomy algorithms, within the context in which they will operate . Furthermore, testing the entire
[17]
swarm system in scenarios relevant to the application allows for the identification of potential bottlenecks,
vulnerabilities, or unexpected behaviors that may arise when UAVs work together. This approach not only
enhances the reliability and efficiency of UAV swarm deployments but also enables iterative refinement of
the technology to meet the specific demands of each real-world scenario. Figure 7 visualizes the major
applications that UAV swarms are typically used for. Table 1 mentions relevant studies for each application
outlined in Figure 7.

Table 1. Major applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms with relevant studies examined
Application area Relevant work in the application area
Precision agriculture [18-22]
Ecological and environmental monitoring [23-25]
Victim search and rescue [26,27]
Military defense applications [28-30]
Land mapping [13]
Infrastructure inspection and survey [31-34]
Emergency communication services [35,36]
Package delivery [37,38]