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Cao Cancer Evo-Dev

HBV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis

Prophylaxis HCC prognosis

For HBV-HCC, a fatal disease, prophylaxis is the hope of reducing HCC and death;
“Cancer Evo-Dev” in HBV-induced HCC pave the way for prophylaxis, prediction, as well
as targeted treatment;
To identify what kind of HBV-infected subjects will develop HCC
To testify what kind of prophylactic treatment will reduce the risk of HCC
To specifically target key pathways that drive the evolution of HCC
Figure 5: HBV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma

cancer under both hypoxia and hypoglycemia condition. mortality rates. For the control of HBV-induced HCC,
The Warburg effect can provide essential energy for a highly fatal malignancy, active prophylaxis should be
cell survival in hostile microenvironment, furthermore, of top priority [Figure 5]. Our hypothesis can therefore
glycolysis generates the raw material for DNA synthesis contribute to the realization of “P4 pattern” medicine
of progeny cells. (predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory) ,
[2]
therefore promote the prophylaxis and control of cancer.
ROLES OF CANCER EVO-DEV ON
SPECIFIC PROPHYLAXIS AND TARGETED DECLARATIONS
THERAPY OF MALIGNANCIES
Authors’ contributions
Based on studies of HBV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, G.W. Cao contributed solely to the paper.
we present the hypothesis of Cancer Evo-Dev to
elucidate the critical steps of a common evolutionary Financial support and sponsorship
and developmental process for most malignancies. The This work was supported by grants from the National Key
framework of Cancer Evo-Dev can be verified in other Basic Research Program (grant no. 2015CB554000)
cancers such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, head and the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China
and neck cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, (grant no. 91129301). The study sponsors had no role
and lung cancers. Key molecular events occur in the in the writing of the manuscript and in the decision to
critical steps during Cancer Evo-Dev process can be submit the manuscript for publication.
applied for the occurrence and prognosis prediction and
specific prophylaxisof malignant diseases. Furthermore, Conflicts of interest
the core molecules in a functional subnetwork that There are no conflicts of interest.
maintains cancer stemness and promotes Cancer
Evo-Dev process can be efficiently targeted by the Patient consent
high-efficiency inhibitors to block corresponding signal Not applicable.
pathways, thus providing a powerful treatment strategy
for advanced cancers. Thus, Cancer Evo-Dev has Ethics approval
three major roles in cancer prophylaxis and treatment: Not applicable.
first, to identify what kind of precancerous changes or
lesions will develop into cancers; second, to testify what REFERENCES
kind of prophylactic option or treatment will reduce the
cancer incidence and delay its occurrence; and third, to 1. Cao GW. Non-resolving inflammation. In: Cao GW, editor. Cancer
specifically target key pathways that drive the evolution Evo-Dev. Shanghai: Second Military Medical University Press; 2017.
and development of cancer to reduce morbidity and p. 72-110. (in Chinese)

254 Hepatoma Research ¦ Volume 3 ¦ October 27, 2017