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Abdel-Hamid et al. Antitumor and chemosesitizing efficacy of Kochia indica on human HCC

Table 2: Effect of upgrading concentrations of 5-FU on
the HepG 2 cultured cell toxicity and viability (n = 9)
5-FU Cytotoxicity Cell viability P value t value
Absorbance (450 nm) Control 31.34058 68.65942 < 0.626 0.569
(t-test) (t-test)
concentrations
(%)
(%)
0
100
15.625 µg/mL
< 0.891
65.57971
34.42029
31.25 µg/mL
0.1549
< 0.2339 0.1686
35.86957
64.13043
62.5 µg/mL
41.48551
125 µg/mL
250 µg/mL
51.08696
48.91304
< 0.0001 17.8
P value (ANOVA) < 0.0001 58.51449 < 0.0031 18.72
F value (ANOVA) 78.11
5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; ANOVA: analysis of variance
5-FU consentration (µg/mL)
Table 3: Effect of combination therapy of 5-FU and
Figure 5: The absorbance values of HepG 2 cultured cells exposed Kochia indica extract on the HepG 2 cultured cells
to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) various concentrations. Data are expressed toxicity and viability (n = 9)
as means ± SD (n = 9, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001, vs. non-treated
control group Combination ratio Cytotoxicity Viability P value t value
5-FU:Kochia (v:v) (%) (%) (t-test) (t-test)
Control 0 100
A ratio of 1:1 42 58 < 0.0005 1.587
Cell viability (%) A ratio of 1:2 < 0.0001 48 < 0.9319 18.647
46.8
< 0.0018 2.321
A ratio of 2:1
53.2
52
< 0.736
15.265
A ratio of 9:1
57
43
P value (ANOVA)
67.08
F value (ANOVA)
5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; ANOVA: analysis of variance
5-FU consentration (µg/mL) 234.342 µg/mL of 5-FU.
Figure 6: The linear indirectrelationship between cell viability
percent of HepG 2 cultured cells against upgrading concentrations Combination effect of 5-FU and Kochia indica
of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), value of IC 50 that gives 50% viability was extract on HepG cells
obtained as 234.342 µg/mL 2
Data shown on Figure 7 shows means of the
absorbance values of HepG cells exposed to various
2
combination ratios of 5-FU and Kochia indica extract.
It was observed that the obtained absorbance in the
experimental groups was reduced compared to the
control group. Statistical analysis revealed that means
of treatments in ratio of 2:1 was more significant than
1:1, compared to the control.
Results in Table 3 show the combined effect of both
5-FU (250 µg/mL) and Kochia indica extract (100 µg/mL)
on the cell toxicity and viability of HepG cultured
2
cells. After the exposure of HepG to the combination
2
therapy, data obtained were determined as mean
Control 1:1 2:1 1:2 9:1 values of the absorbance. Based on the absorbance,
Combination ratio (5-Fu:Kochia) the percentage of cytotoxicity was increased while
Figure 7: The absorbance values of HepG 2 cultured cells exposed
to combination ratios of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Kochia indica the percentage of the cell viability was decreased by
extract various concentrations. Data are expressed as means ± SD increasing the combination ratios. The most effective
(n = 9), **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001, vs. non-treated control group ratio was found to be (1:2, 5-FU/Kochia) of both agents
and this ratio led to cytotoxicity of 52% and cell viability
between the percentages of the HepG cell viability and of 48% on HepG cultured cells.
2
2
upgrading concentrations of 5-FU. This relationship
gives rise to a linear equation: y = (-0.081x + 69.02) By the application of CI equation on the ratio of 1:2, CI
(R = 0.992) from which IC be calculated as can be calculated as: CI = 83.33/250 + 66.66/100 = 0.33
2
50
Hepatoma Research ¦ Volume 3 ¦ July 21, 2017 153