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Girase et al. Energy Mater. 2025, 5, 500132 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2025.14 Page 9 of 33

Figure 4. Chemical structure of a DPP-based p-type donor-acceptor polymer used in organic thermoelectrics. DPP: Diketopyrrolopyrrole.

EHT6-20DPP shows a remarkable increase against doping. The enhancement in TE performance is due to
[102]
effective p-doping, and its good transport mechanism .

Side-chain engineering has become a key method for developing DPP-based D-A TE polymers, enabling the
optimization of dopant miscibility and tuning of physical parameters. One example is the copolymerization
and combination of thienothiophene (TT) with oligo ethylene glycol (OEG) bithiophene functionalized
with side-chain on donating framework. In this study, the design of new random copolymers incorporating
planar DPP as an acceptor unit alongside TT and OEG functionalized bithiophene as donor units. Key
design principles include promoting strong interchain donor-acceptor interactions through the inclusion of