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Project administration and funding acquisition: Zheng, Y.; Zhang, J.
Conceptualization and supervision: Zheng, Y.; Zhang, J.; Yan, W.

Availability of data and materials
The data supporting this work are provided in the Supplementary Materials. Additional raw data will be
made available by the authors upon request.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2024J01261), the financial
support from the the Educational Research Projects for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Fujian
Province (JZ230002), Fuzhou University Testing Fund of Precious Apparatus (2024T010), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China, Pilot Group Program of the Research Fund for International Senior
Scientists (22250710676), the Fujian Province Super 100 Talents Program, Fujian Province 100 Talents
Program, Fujian Province Minjiang Scholar Program, and the Institute of New Energy Materials and
Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, First-Class Discipline
Training Project.

Conflict of interests
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2025.

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