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Park et al. Energy Mater 2023;3:300005                              Energy Materials
               DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2022.65



               Mini Review                                                                   Open Access



               Ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of the

               solid electrolyte interphase in lithium metal batteries


                            1,2
                                                                           1
                                                                                                       1,
                                                           1
                                                                                                        *
                                                                                          2,*
                                                1
               Seongsoo Park , Rashma Chaudhary , Sang A Han , Hamzeh Qutaish , Janghyuk Moon , Min-Sik Park ,
               Jung Ho Kim 1, *
               1
                Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong,
               Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
               2
                School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea.
               *Correspondence to: Prof. Jung Ho Kim, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative
               Materials, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. E-mail: jhk@uow.edu.au;
               Prof. Min-Sik Park, Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials,
               University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. E-mail: mspark@khu.ac.kr; Prof. Janghyuk
               Moon, School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea. E-mail:
               jhmoon84@cau.ac.kr
               How to cite this article: Park S, Chaudhary R, Han SA, Qutaish H, Moon J, Park MS, Kim JH. Ionic conductivity and mechanical
               properties of the solid electrolyte interphase in lithium metal batteries. Energy Mater 2023;3:300005.
               https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.65
               Received: 23 Oct 2022  First Decision: 16 Nov 2022  Revised: 6 Dec 2022  Accepted: 4 Jan 2023  Published: 8 Feb 2023

               Academic Editors: Yuping Wu, Jiazhao Wang  Copy Editor: Fangling Lan  Production Editor: Fangling Lan

               Abstract
               With the fullness of time, metallic lithium (Li) as an anode could become highly promising for high-energy-density
               batteries. Theoretically, using Li metal as the negative electrode can result in higher theoretical capacity and lower
               oxidation voltage and density than in current commercially available batteries. During the charge/discharge
               process, however, metallic Li shows unavoidable drawbacks, such as dendritic growth, causing capacity
               degradation and a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer derived from the side reactions between the Li metal
               anode and the electrolyte, resulting in depletion of the electrolyte. The formation of a suitable SEI is crucial to avoid
               the side reactions at the interface by circumventing direct contact. Unavoidable dendritic growth at the Li metal
               anode can be controlled by its ionic conductivity. Furthermore, the SEI is also required as a mechanical
               reinforcement for withstanding the volume change and suppressing dendritic growth in the Li metal anode. A
               limiting factor due to complex SEI formation must be considered from the perspectives of chemical and mechanical
               properties. To further enhance the cycling performance of Li metal batteries, an in-depth understanding of the SEI
               needs to be achieved to clarify these issues. In this mini review, we focus on the SEI, which consists of various
               deposited components, and discuss its ionic conductivity and mechanical strength for applications in electric
               vehicles.




                           © The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
                           International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing,
                           adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as
               long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and
               indicate if changes were made.

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