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Fang et al. Cancer Drug Resist. 2025;8:42 Page 5 of 13

Figure 2. ROS1 mutation as a predictor of ICI resistance in patients with HNC. (A) Kaplan-Meier survival curves comparing OS between
ROS1-Mut and ROS1-WT groups in the ICI-treated HNC cohort; (B) Multivariate analysis of OS in the ICI-treated HNC cohort. ICI: Immune
checkpoint inhibitor; HNC: head and neck cancer; OS: overall survival; ROS1-Mut: ROS1 mutations; ROS1-WT: ROS1-wild-type.

comparing ROS1-Mut to ROS1-WT was 3.22 (95%CI: 1.26-8.19; P = 0.011). Multivariate analysis confirmed
ROS1 mutations as an independent predictor of poor OS in ICI-treated HNC patients (HR = 4.78; 95%CI:
1.70-13.43; P = 0.003), after adjusting for age, gender, metastatic status, TMB, and treatment regimen [Figure
2B].

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