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Author Instructions

Technical Note A Technical Note is a short article 3500 max Unstructured abstract. 3-8 /
giving a brief description of a No more than 250 words. keywords
specific development, technique
or procedure, or it may describe
a modification of an existing
technique, procedure or device
applied in research.
Commentary A Commentary is to provide 2500 max Unstructured abstract. 3-8 /
comments on a newly published No more than 250 words. keywords
article or an alternative viewpoint
on a certain topic.
Editorial An Editorial is a short article 1000 max None required None /
describing news about the journal required
or opinions of senior editors or
the publisher.
Letter to Editor A Letter to Editor is usually an 1000 max Unstructured abstract 3-8 /
open post-publication review of (optional). No more than keywords
a paper from its readers, often 250 words. (optional)
critical of some aspect of a
published paper. Controversial
papers often attract numerous
Letters to Editor
Opinion An Opinion usually presents 1200 max Unstructured abstract 3-8 /
personal thoughts, beliefs, or (optional). No more than keywords
feelings on a topic. 250 words.
Perspective A Perspective provides personal 2000 max Unstructured abstract. 3-8 /
points of view on the state-of-the- No more than 150 words. keywords
art of a specific area of knowledge
and its future prospects. Links
to areas of intense current
research focus can also be made.
The emphasis should be on a
personal assessment rather than
a comprehensive, critical review.
However, comments should be
put into the context of existing
literature. Perspectives are
usually invited by the Editors.

2.3 Manuscript Structure
2.3.1 Front Matter
2.3.1.1 Title
The title of the manuscript should be concise, specific and relevant, with no more than 16 words if possible. When gene or
protein names are included, the abbreviated name rather than full name should be used.
2.3.1.2 Authors and Affiliations
Authors’ full names should be listed. The initials of middle names can be provided. Institutional addresses and email
addresses for all authors should be listed. At least one author should be designated as corresponding author. In addition,
corresponding authors are suggested to provide their Open Researcher and Contributor ID upon submission. Please note
that any change to authorship is not allowed after manuscript acceptance.
2.3.1.3 Abstract
Original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses require structured abstracts. The abstract should provide the
context or background for the study and should state the study’s purpose, basic procedures (selection of study participants,
settings, measurements, analytical methods), main findings (giving specific effect sizes and their statistical and clinical
significance, if possible), and principal conclusions. It should emphasize new and important aspects of the study or
observations, note important limitations, and not overinterpret findings. Clinical trial abstracts should include items that the
CONSORT group has identified as essential. It is not allowed to contain results which are not presented and substantiated in
the manuscript, or exaggerate the main conclusions. Citations should not be included in the abstract.
2.3.1.4 Graphical Abstract
The graphical abstract is essential as this can catch first view of your publication by readers. We request the authors submit