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Page 8 of 10 Wang et al. Microstructures 2023;3:2023023 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/microstructures.2023.04

Table 1. Energy storage properties of (1-x)BNBT-xSBTZ ceramics
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x W (J/cm ) W (J/cm ) E (kV/cm) η
3
r
0 1.38 0.174 60 12.6%
0.07 3.02 1.91 215 63.1%
0.08 3.21 2.37 230 73.9%
0.09 3.60 2.68 245 74.4%
0.10 2.84 2.38 218 83.9%

Figure 6. Temperature stability and fatigue resistance of the sintered ceramics. (A) P-E hysteresis loops at 25 °C to 140 °C; (B) W and
r
η as a function of temperature; (C) fatigue behavior measured at various electrical cycles; (D) W and η as a function of electrical cycles.
r
In addition to examining the temperature stability of ceramics, their fatigue resistance behavior was also
investigated. The fatigue behavior was assessed at room temperature under a frequency of 10 Hz and a
voltage of 170 kV/cm, with a cycling number of 10 . The P-E loops at different cycles were depicted in
5
Figure 6C, while the changes in P and W with an increase in the number of charging/discharging cycles
max
r
were illustrated in Figure 6D. After 10 cycles, W remained at a relatively high level of 1.5 J/cm , which was
3
5
r
3
only 13.3% lower than its initial value of 1.73 J/cm , indicating favorable fatigue resistance properties. It is
worth noting that P and W exhibited a slight decrease, which was attributed to the local phase
r
max
decomposition caused by switching-induced charge injection, as suggested by Lou et al. [27-29] .
CONCLUSIONS
This study investigated the dielectric and energy storage properties of (1-x)(0.94Bi Na TiO -0.06BaTiO )
3
3
0.5
0.5
-xSr Bi γ Ti Zr O ceramics, prepared through the solid-state method. X-ray diffraction analysis
0.8
0.1 0.1
0.8
0.2
2.95
revealed a single perovskite structure in all ceramic samples, indicating successful incorporation of SBTZ
into the BNBT lattice. Doping with SBTZ resulted in notable relaxation properties and excellent energy
storage capabilities. Specifically, 0.91BNBT-0.09SBTZ ceramics demonstrated a breakdown electric field of
230 kV/cm, with W of 2.68 J/cm and η of 74.4%. Additionally, the energy storage properties of the ceramics
3
r