Page 13 - Read Online

Qin et al. Vessel Plus 2020;4:2 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2019.22 Page 3 of 8

were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. The counting data are expressed as the percentage
constituent ratio or rate, and the comparisons between groups were performed by the Chi-square test or
Fisher test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors related
to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). All analyses were performed with the statistical software
packages R (http://www.R-project.org, The R Foundation) and EmpowerStats (http://www.empowerstats.
com, X & Y Solutions, Inc, Boston, MA). P values less than 0.05 (two-sided) were considered statistically
significant.

Observational indicators and methods
Angiographic analysis
Coronary angiography was performed on the target lesion in the same projection to optimize the
Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) blood flow classification of the IRA. A visual evaluation
was performed by two experienced interventional cardiologists. The TIMI blood flow classification criteria
were as follows: Grade 0 (no perfusion), no forward blood flow at the distal end of the vascular occlusion;
Grade 1 (infiltration but no perfusion), the contrast medium was partially stopped and there was a
plug site, but it did not fill distal blood vessels; Grade 2 (partial perfusion), the contrast medium could
completely fill the distal end of the coronary artery, but the contrast medium filling and clearance speed
was slow; and Grade 3 (complete perfusion), the contrast medium could completely and rapidly fill the
distal blood vessels and was removed quickly.

Biochemical assays and ST-segment resolution
The concentrations of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) were measured by
immunoassays (BECKMAN COULTER Au5800 instrument). Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was measured by
a fluorescence immunoassay (Mini VIDAS instrument). The peak levels of CK-MB and cTnI were used
as indexes to judge the size of the infarction. An electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded 90 min after
the intervention, and a decrease rate of the ST segment of more than 50% was regarded as the cutoff of
myocardial reperfusion after PCI.

Cardiac functions
One week after emergency PCI, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic
diameter (LVEDd), ventricular aneurysm, and ventricular thrombus were measured by Vivid 7 Dimension
color Doppler echocardiography.

Bleeding events and severe arrhythmias
Severe postoperative bleeding events (gastrointestinal bleeding and cerebral hemorrhage) and severe
postoperative arrhythmias [ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) and third-degree
atrioventricular block] were recorded.

Follow-up
The main MACEs within one month after operation were recorded.

RESULTS
Baseline demographic, clinical, and angiographic characteristics
There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in sex, age, risk factors, Killip classification, IRA, time from
onset to balloon dilatation, time from admission to balloon dilatation, number of dilated balloons used
during surgery, number of stents implanted, intraoperative aortic balloon counterpulsation operations, and
temporary pacemakers between the Pro-UK group and the control group [Table 1].