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Page 4 of 6 Nardi et al. Vessel Plus 2018;2:4 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2017.35

Table 1. Early and late results of the FTR surgical repair
Authors Repair techniques Operative Late survival Freeedom from recurrence of
mortality significant FTR
Marquis-Gravel et al. [16] De Vega, ring implant 14% 55% at 10 years 46% at 10 years
Chan et al. [17] De Vega, ring implant 3% 80% at 10 years 75% at 10 years
Navia et al. [18] De Vega, Kay, ring implant 44% at 10 years 98% at 5 years
Huang et al. [20] De Vega, ring implant 1.1% 84%, 97% (De Vega vs. ring) at 75%, 79% (De Vega vs. ring) at
5 years 5 years
Takano et al. [21] Ring implant 0 59% at 15 years 93% at 15 years
Filsoufi et al. [25] Ring implant 5.3% 85% at 2 years 100% at 2 years
Fukuda et al. [26] Ring implant 0 100% at 1 year 70 at 1 year
Ghanta et al. [27] Kay, ring implant 6.4% 75%, 61% (Kay vs. ring) at 75%, 69% (Kay vs. ring) at
3 years 3 years
Chang et al. [28] De Vega, Kay 3.4% 96% at 8 years 72% at 8 years
Tang et al. [29] De Vega, ring implant 7%, 4% (De Vega 36%, 49% (De Vega vs. ring) at 39%, 83% (De Vega vs. ring) at
vs. ring) 15 years 15 years
McCarthy et al. [30] De Vega, ring implant 8% 50% at 8 years 67%, 83% (De Vega vs. ring) at
8 years
Our recent experience, De Vega, Kay 0 100% at 1 year 100% at 1 year
2015-2017
FTR: functional tricuspid regurgitation

implantation at discharge, or during follow-up. Early and late results of surgical treatment of FTR are
summarized in Table 1, reporting either data above mentioned than other surgical series.

CONCLUSIONS
Current data suggest that tricuspid valve repair together with early elective surgical intervention for mitral
valve disease should be done in order to improve late outcomes and avoid the risk of a late redo operation due to
progression of FTR. In the presence of severe FTR, surgery continues to be recommended in Class I. Annular
dilatation and history of congestive heart failure symptoms are important to take the decision to early repair
of FTR, although more recent guidelines continue to indicate surgical intervention in these specific subgroup
of patients in Class II. We agree that a dysfunction of the tricuspid valve, even if not associated with a severe
insufficiency, should be corrected at the time of a surgical operation on the mitral valve, especially if the
technique used to repair the tricuspid valve requires a short time of execution.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Study design: Nardi P
Development of methodology: Nardi P
Collection of data: Ferrante S, Greci M, Vacirca SR, Russo M
Analysis and/or interpretation of data: Pisano C, Pellegrino A, Bertoldo F
Writing of the manuscript: Nardi P
Supervision: Ruvolo G

Financial support and sponsorship
None.

Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.

Patient consent
Not applicable.