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Licordari et al. Vessel Plus 2022;6:12 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2021.86 Page 7 of 10

Table 2. Differences in variables between patients who presented major cardiac events during follow-up and patients who are still
alive
Presence of major cardiac events (n = 25 pts) Absence of major cardiac events (n = 21 pts) P-value
LV EDV (mL) 85 ± 21 82 ± 20 0.57
LV ESV (mL) 37.5 ± 14.5 32 ± 11 0.13
LV EF (%) 48 ± 7.5 60 ± 12 0.01
LV EDD (mm) 50 ± 9.5 49 ± 7.5 0.57
LV ESD (mm) 31 ± 8.3 30 ± 7 0.63
LV ST (mm) 16.2 ± 2.8 12.3 ± 2.5 < 0.001
LV posterior wall (mm) 14 ± 2.5 10.5 ± 2.5 < 0.001
E/E’ 13 ± 5 7 ± 4 < 0.001
GLS (-%) 11.5 ± 3 19 ± 4 < 0.001
ALS (-%) 13.5 ± 6.7 18 ± 4 0.01
MBLS (-%) 10.5 ± 2.5 16.5 ± 5.3 < 0.001
RRSR 1.32 ± 0.7 1.20 ± 0.4 0.50

LV EDV: Left ventricle end diastolic volum; LV ESV: left ventricle end systolic volum; LV EF: left ventricle ejection fraction; LV EDD: left ventricle
end diastolic diameter; LV ESD: left ventricle end diastolic diameter; LV ST: left ventricle septal thickness; GLS: global longitudinal strain; ALS:
apical longitudinal strain; MBLS: mid-basal longitudinal strain; RRSR: relative regional strain ratio.

Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis in identifying predictors of mortality in cardiac amyloidosis
Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis Multivariate analysis Multivariate analysis
HR (95%CI) P-value HR (95%CI) P-value HR (95%CI) P-value HR (95%CI) P-value
Age 1.02 (0.97-1.08) 0.29
LV EDV (mL) 0.99 (0.97-1.01) 0.35
LV ESV (mL) 1.01 (0.98-1.04) 0.39
LV septal thickness (mm) 1.17 (1.03-1.32) 0.01 0.12 (0.01-1.89) 0.13 1.37 (1.00-1.87) 0.06 1.39 (0.95-2.05) 0.09
LV EF (%) 0.83 (0.70-0.99) 0.04 0.76 (0.54-1.06) 0.11
E/E’ 1.15 (1.06-1.25) 0.001 6.30 (0.71-55.35) 0.10 0.83 (0.67-1.04) 0.11 0.85 (0.64-1.13) 0.27
GLS (%) 0.86 (0.76-0.97) 0.01 0.88 (0.73-1.06) 0.18
ALS (%) 0.96 (0.89-1.02) 0.15
MBLS (%) 0.85 (0.71-0.96) 0.01 0.84 (0.71-0.98) 0.04
RRSR 1.37 (0.64-2.99) 0.42
LV EDV: Left ventricle end diastolic volume; LV ESV: left ventricle end systolic volume; LV EF: left ventricle ejection fraction; GLS: global
longitudinal strain; ALS: apical longitudinal strain; MBLS: mid-basal longitudinal strain; RRSR: relative regional strain ratio.

transplantation. Interestingly, Senapati et al. showed a predictive value of mortality according to the ratio
[9]
between apical and mid-basal segments particularly in patients with EF lower than 45%. Differently from
Senapati’s study , we enrolled a homogenous cohort formed by early-stage TTRm CA who showed
[9]
preserved EF.

The clinical evolution and follow-up of ATTRv amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy are very different
compared to AL CA.

Light-chain amyloidosis is associated with rapidly progressive disease due to cardiotoxic effects with a
diffuse impairment of myocardial deformation. On the other hand, TTR amyloidosis, although it tended to
have higher mass and wall thickness, had a mild depression of LV systolic function.