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Zheng et al. Soft Sci. 2026, 6, 32 Page 39 of 57

Figure 13. (A) Schematic of piezoelectric electronic devices mounted on the finger, wrist, arm and sole of feet for real-time sensing and
energy harvesting; (B) Current output signals after rectification under 1.5 Hz and 64 kPa pressure. Inset: amplified diagram of current
signals before and after rectification; (C) Dynamic output voltage for different hand area bends. (A-C) are reprinted with permission from
Ref. [156] , Copyright © 2023 Springer Nature; (D) (top) Schematic of the seamless E-textile with inset pictures of the stretching, bending,
and twisting capabilities. (bottom) Schematics for dual tactile (pressure) and tension (stretch) sensing for a taekwondo suit. Pink insets
represent the pressure sensing for a knee upon striking and blue insets represent the stretch sensing for the textile on the back of the
taekwondo suit when the athlete stretches forward; (E) Stress-strain curves of core-sheath yarns obtained using a tensile testing machine
under an elongation speed of 500 mm·min with an initial length of 5 cm; (F) Relative capacitance response and sensitivity of the pressure
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sensor. (D-F) are reprinted with permission from Ref. [60] , Copyright © 2021 Elsevier; (G) Schematic diagram of the acoustoelectric device
and different frame hole sizes along with the sound test setup. Reproduced with permission [157] , Copyright © 2025 American Chemical
Society; (H) Schematic illustration of pseudo-streaming behavior occurred at wet/dry interface and the mechanism of current generation;
(I) Real-time Voc and HEG surface temperature under 1 standard sun radiation; Infrared image of HEG under 1 standard sun radiation; (J)
Schematic diagram of devices for flexible wearable electronics; Schematic diagram and picture of HEGs driven an electronic watch. (H-J)
are reprinted with permission from Ref. [158] , Copyright © 2025 Elsevier. HEG: Hydroelectric generator; PLA: polylactic acid.

hierarchical structure, the MnO shell contributes strong pseudocapacitance through quick Faradaic
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reactions, while the conductive MXene/CNT core layer offers effective electron transport and mechanical
support. A volumetric capacitance of up to 371.1 F·cm is achieved by this synergistic combination, which is
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a 46.6% improvement over virgin MXene/CNT fibers. After 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, symmetrical
fiber-shaped supercapacitors made of these fibers maintain 86.3% of their original capacitance [163] . Coating
techniques show more promise for scalability. Commercial fibers like cotton yarn can be coated with MXene
dispersions to produce functional yarns with conductivities of about 440 S·cm . In solid-state electrolytes,
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