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Zhang et al. Soft Sci 2024;4:23 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.58 Page 3 of 21
Figure 1. Functions of neural interfaces and the development and classification of conductive materials for neural interfaces. (A) Neuro-
electrodes for acquiring nerve signals and electrically stimulating nerves; (B) Schematic diagram of connecting and repairing nerves;
(C) The development of neuro electrodes over time [7,29-32] ; (D) Conductive materials for neural connectivity and repair [8,44-47] .
increasingly important to design electrodes with electrical and mechanical properties similar to those of
neural tissue. The corresponding fabrication materials often need to be biocompatible, stable, and cause

