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Page 18 of 23 Yun et al. Soft Sci 2023;3:12 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ss.2023.04

Researchers should weigh the benefits and downsides of different thermal management techniques to fix
problems and encourage the development of cooling technologies. The future of thermal management
research for wearable devices is promising, and ongoing technological improvements can lead to the
development of even more inventive solutions. Wearable devices that generate heat can be uncomfortable
and even dangerous, so enhancing their thermal management can make them safer and more useful.
Wearable devices frequently rely on batteries, which can be damaged by heat; research on thermal
management can increase battery efficiency and extend battery lifespan. In addition, heat management can
affect the accuracy and reliability of sensors as well as the durability of wearable devices that are susceptible
to bending and flexing. With the rapid development of micro/nano materials and electronics manufacturing
technology, fundamental analysis of the thermal characteristics of materials/devices, advanced integration of
materials and devices, and innovative thermal management mechanisms, thermal management schemes can
be applied to various multifunctional wearable devices worn on various parts of the body to provide users
with a better daily experience.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Literature review, the outline of the manuscript structure, and writing of manuscript draft: Yun JH, Yoo YJ
Revised the manuscript: Yun JH, Yoo YJ, Kim HR
Supervision, writing - review & editing, project administration: Song YM
All authors have read the manuscript and approved the final version.

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of
S c i e n c e a n d I C T ( N R F - 2 0 2 2 M 3 H 4 A 1 A 0 2 0 4 6 4 4 5 , N R F - 2 0 2 0 R 1 A 2 C 2 0 0 4 9 8 3 , a n d N R F -
2021M3H4A1A04086552). Y.J.Y acknowledges the support from the NRF-2021R1C1C2013475. This
material is partly based upon work supported by the International Technology Center Indo-Pacific (ITC
IPAC) and Army Research Office, under Contract No. (FA5209-22-P-0162).

Conflicts of interest
All authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate.
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2023.

REFERENCES
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wearable-technology-applications-healthcare-literature-review [Last accessed on 13 Apr 2023].