Page 232 - Read Online
P. 232
in mixed bipolar states: evidence for immune activation. Acta 2009;37:1104‑9.
Psychiatr Scand 2002;105:60‑4. 128. Chang MC, Grange E, Rabin O, Bell JM, Allen DD, Rapoport SI.
110. Mahadik SP, Evans D, Lal H. Oxidative stress and role of antioxidant Lithium decreases turnover of arachidonate in several brain
and omega‑3 essential fatty acid supplementation in schizophrenia. phospholipids. Neurosci Lett 1996;220:171‑4.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2001;25:463‑93. 129. Cheon Y, Park JY, Modi HR, Kim HW, Lee HJ, Chang L, Rao JS,
111. Gergerlioglu HS, Savas HA, Bulbul F, Selek S, Uz E, Yumru M. Rapoport SI. Chronic olanzapine treatment decreases arachidonic
Changes in nitric oxide level and superoxide dismutase activity acid turnover and prostaglandin E2 concentration in rat brain.
during antimanic treatment. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol J Neurochem 2011;119:364‑76.
Psychiatry 2007;31:697‑702. 130. Ghelardoni S, Tomita YA, Bell JM, Rapoport SI, Bosetti F. Chronic
112. Savas HA, Gergerlioglu HS, Armutcu F, Herken H, Yilmaz HR, carbamazepine selectively downregulates cytosolic phospholipase
Kocoglu E, Selek S, Tutkun H, Zoroglu SS, Akyol O. Elevated serum A2 expression and cyclooxygenase activity in rat brain. Biol
nitric oxide and superoxide dismutase in euthymic bipolar patients: Psychiatry 2004;56:248‑54.
impact of past episodes. World J Biol Psychiatry 2006;7:51‑5. 131. Kim HW, Cheon Y, Modi HR, Rapoport SI, Rao JS. Effects of chronic
113. Kapczinski F, Dal‑Pizzol F, Teixeira AL, Magalhaes PV, clozapine administration on markers of arachidonic acid cascade
Kauer‑Sant’Anna M, Klamt F, Moreira JC, de Bittencourt and synaptic integrity in rat brain. Psychopharmacology (Berl)
Pasquali MA, Fries GR, Quevedo J, Gama CS, Post R. Peripheral 2012;222:663‑74.
biomarkers and illness activity in bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 132. Modi HR, Taha AY, Kim HW, Chang L, Rapoport SI, Cheon Y.
2011;45:156‑61. Chronic clozapine reduces rat brain arachidonic acid metabolism
114. Tsai MC, Huang TL. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) by reducing plasma arachidonic acid availability. J Neurochem
is a state biomarker of oxidative stress in bipolar patients in a manic 2013;124:376‑87.
phase. J Affect Disord 2015;173:22‑6. 133. Rao JS, Lee HJ, Rapoport SI, Bazinet RP. Mode of action of mood
115. Kunz M, Gama CS, Andreazza AC, Salvador M, Cereser KM, stabilizers: is the arachidonic acid cascade a common target? Mol
Gomes FA, Belmonte‑de‑Abreu PS, Berk M, Kapczinski F. Psychiatry 2008;13:585‑96.
Elevated serum superoxide dismutase and thiobarbituric acid 134. Rintala J, Seemann R, Chandrasekaran K, Rosenberger TA,
reactive substances in different phases of bipolar disorder and Chang L, Contreras MA, Contreras MA, Rapoport SI, Chang MC.
in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 85 kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2 is a target for chronic lithium
2008;32:1677‑81. in rat brain. Neuroreport 1999;10:3887‑90.
116. Machado‑Vieira R, Andreazza AC, Viale CI, Zanatto V, Cereser V Jr, 135. Rapoport SI. Lithium and the other mood stabilizers effective in
da Silva Vargas R, Kapczinski F, Portela LV, Souza DO, Salvador M, bipolar disorder target the rat brain arachidonic acid cascade. ACS
Gentil V. Oxidative stress parameters in unmedicated and treated Chem Neurosci 2014 ;18:459‑67.
bipolar subjects during initial manic episode: a possible role for 136. Basselin M, Chang L, Bell JM, Rapoport SI. Chronic lithium
lithium antioxidant effects. Neurosci Lett 2007;421:33‑6. chloride administration to unanesthetized rats attenuates brain
117. Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA. Prostaglandins and inflammation. dopamine D2‑like receptor‑initiated signaling via arachidonic acid.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011;31:986‑1000. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005;30:1064‑75.
118. Kim HW, Rapoport SI, Rao JS. Altered arachidonic acid cascade 137. Basselin M, Chang L, Chen M, Bell JM, Rapoport SI. Chronic
enzymes in postmortem brain from bipolar disorder patients. Mol carbamazepine administration attenuates dopamine D2‑like
Psychiatry 2011;16:419‑28. receptor‑initiated signaling via arachidonic acid in rat brain.
119. Rao JS, Keleshian VL, Klein S, Rapoport SI. Epigenetic modifications Neurochem Res 2008;33:1373‑83.
in frontal cortex from Alzheimer’s disease and bipolar disorder 138. Ramadan E, Basselin M, Taha AY, Cheon Y, Chang L, Chen M,
patients. Transl Psychiatry 2012;2:e132. Rapoport SI. Chronic valproate treatment blocks D2‑like
120. Moolwaney AS, Igwe OJ. Regulation of the cyclooxygenase‑2 system receptor‑mediated brain signaling via arachidonic acid in rats.
by interleukin‑1beta through mitogen‑activated protein kinase Neuropharmacology 2011;61:1256‑64.
signaling pathways: a comparative study of human neuroglioma and 139. Lee HJ, Rao JS, Ertley RN, Chang L, Rapoport SI, Bazinet RP.
neuroblastoma cells. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2005;137:202‑12. Chronic fluoxetine increases cytosolic phospholipase A (2) activity
121. Munhoz CD, Garcia‑Bueno B, Madrigal JL, Lepsch LB, Scavone C, and arachidonic acid turnover in brain phospholipids of the
Leza JC. Stress‑induced neuroinflammation: mechanisms and new unanesthetized rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2007;190:103‑15.
pharmacological targets. Braz J Med Biol Res 2008;41:1037‑46. 140. Lee HJ , Rao JS, Chang L, Rapoport SI, Kim HW. Chronic
122. Lee HJ, Ertley RN, Rapoport SI, Bazinet RP, Rao JS. Chronic imipramine but not bupropion increases arachidonic acid signaling
administration of lamotrigine downregulates COX‑2 mRNA and in rat brain: is this related to ‘switching’ in bipolar disorder? Mol
protein in rat frontal cortex. Neurochem Res 2008;33:861‑6. Psychiatry 2010;15:602‑14.
123. Rao JS, Bazinet RP, Rapoport SI, Lee HJ. Chronic treatment of rats 141. Rao JS, Ertley RN, Lee HJ, Rapoport SI, Bazinet RP. Chronic
with sodium valproate downregulates frontal cortex NF‑kappaB DNA fluoxetine upregulates activity, protein and mRNA levels of cytosolic
binding activity and COX‑2 mRNA. Bipolar Disord 2007;9:513‑20. phospholipase A2 in rat frontal cortex. Pharmacogenomics J
124. Lee HJ, Rao JS, Chang L, Rapoport SI, Bazinet RP. Chronic 2006;6:413‑20.
lamotrigine does not alter the turnover of arachidonic acid within 142. Boerlin HL, Gitlin MJ, Zoellner LA, Hammen CL. Bipolar depression
brain phospholipids of the unanesthetized rat: implications for and antidepressant‑induced mania: a naturalistic study. J Clin
the treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) Psychiatry 1998;59:374‑9.
2007;193:467‑74. 143. Ghaemi SN, Hsu DJ, Soldani F, Goodwin FK. Antidepressants
125. Basselin M, Kim HW, Chen M, Ma K, Rapoport SI, Murphy RC, in bipolar disorder: the case for caution. Bipolar Disord
Farias SE. Lithium modifies brain arachidonic and docosahexaenoic 2003;5:421‑33.
metabolism in rat lipopolysaccharide model of neuroinflammation. 144. Leverich GS, Altshuler LL, Frye MA, Suppes T, McElroy SL,
J Lipid Res 2010;51:1049‑56. Keck PE Jr, Kupka RW, Denicoff KD, Nolen WA, Grunze H,
126. Bazinet RP, Weis MT, Rapoport SI, Rosenberger TA. Valproic Martinez MI, Post RM. Risk of switch in mood polarity to hypomania
acid selectively inhibits conversion of arachidonic acid to or mania in patients with bipolar depression during acute and
arachidonoyl‑CoA by brain microsomal long‑chain fatty acyl‑CoA continuation trials of venlafaxine, sertraline, and bupropion as
synthetases: relevance to bipolar disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) adjuncts to mood stabilizers. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:232‑9.
2006;184:122‑9. 145. Post RM, Altshuler LL, Leverich GS, Frye MA, Nolen WA, Kupka RW,
127. Bazinet RP. Is the brain arachidonic acid cascade a common target Suppes T, McElroy S, Keck PE, Denicoff KD, Grunze H, Walden J,
of drugs used to manage bipolar disorder? Biochem Soc Trans Kitchen CM, Mintz J. Mood switch in bipolar depression: comparison
224 Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation | Volume 2 | Issue 4 | October 15, 2015