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Page 14 of 19                                      Shaikh et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2020;4:89  I  http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2020.97
















                                 Figure 17. A: bipolar forceps with horizontal tip; B: bipolar forceps with vertical tip











































                                                 Figure 18. The shuntscope system

                    [77]
               scope . Currently, they are more expensive than the traditional rigid endoscopes, and there have been
               reports of visual and electrical interference when used concurrently with monopolar cautery . There is
                                                                                                [78]
               also the problem of their sterilization process to ensure safety.

               Scope and potential
                                                                              [79]
               Today, the scope of endoscopy has expanded to craniosynostosis repair , carpal tunnel release (where
                                                                                                   [80]
               it has been found to reduce the immediate postoperative pain as compared to open surgery) , and
               endonasally for clipping suitable aneurysms such as unruptured paraclinoid, anterior communication
                                             [81]
               artery, and basilar apex aneurysms . A crucial role played by endoscopy in vascular surgery is inspection
               behind the aneurysms to see origin of a hidden branch or important perforators increasing safety of
               clipping and assuring a complete clipping.
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