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Saxena et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2020;4:62 Mini-invasive Surgery
DOI: 10.20517/2574-1225.2020.68

Review Open Access

Nanomaterial-based hydrogels for coronary
interventions: a mini review

Varun Saxena, Lalit M. Pandey

Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
Correspondence to: Dr. Lalit M. Pandey, Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and
Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India. E-mail: lalitpandey@iitg.ac.in
How to cite this article: Saxena V, Pandey LM. Nanomaterial-based hydrogels for coronary interventions: a mini review. Mini-
invasive Surg 2020;4:62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2020.68
Received: 30 Jun 2020 First Decision: 21 Jul 2020 Revised: 12 Aug 2020 Accepted: 13 Aug 2020 Published: 12 Sep 2020

Academic Editor: Bobak Mosadegh Copy Editor: Cai-Hong Wang Production Editor: Jing Yu

Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) has become a major health concern these days. Elevated levels of cholesterol due to
improper diet cause severe damage to human health, resulting in the narrowing of blood vessels leading to MI.
Different approaches have been used based on surgical and non-surgical treatments for these blockages to cure
MI. In this regard, injectable and non-injectable hydrogel-based percutaneous coronary intervention has shown
promising applicability for the treatment of cardiac damage and its repair. In this report, we summarize a few
hydrogels based on natural polymers such as chitosan, alginate, polyethylene glycol and extracellular matrices to
be used for percutaneous coronary intervention in the treatment of MI. Their structure, biological properties and
biocompatibilities are discussed, and their existing challenges are also detailed. In addition, the probable solutions
to overcome certain set backs are also highlighted.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, hydrogels, biocompatibility, stents

INTRODUCTION
The heart functions regularly to recirculate the blood to the whole body. In general, the main function
of the heart is to pump the oxygenated blood throughout the body. A breakdown in the functioning of
the heart causes the irregular supply of oxygen to the organs and, consequently, can cause severe life-
threatening effects such as heart failure, organ collapse and nerve damage, as well as the malfunction of

© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
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