Page 197 - Read Online

Zhao et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2018;2:26 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2018.27 Page 9 of 10

studies should evaluate the effect of tumour type, and the use of other treatments such as chemotherapy,
on response to repeat ablation.

In conclusion, despite these limitations, our study demonstrates that repeat MWA or RFA in locally pro-
gressing tumours after initial ablation attempt(s) may be generally safe, well tolerated, and often achieves
local control. These findings should be validated in larger prospective studies.

DECLARATIONS
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Department of Nuclear Medicine at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s
Hospital for their assistance with FDG-PET imaging.

Authors’ contributions
Design, literature research, data acquisition, drafted manuscript: Zhao H, Steinke K
Data analysis: Zhao H, Okano S, Pelecanos A, Steinke K
Substantively revised manuscript: Zhao H, Okano S, Pelecanos A, Steinke K

Availability of data and materials
Patients were identified using the radiology thermal ablation database at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s
Hospital. Data were collected retrospectively through systematic review of patient charts and imaging. The
de-identified data is available by contacting the corresponding author Associate Professor Karin Steinke.

Financial support and sponsorship
None.

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Human Re-
search Ethics Committee (HREC/14/QRBW/553).

Consent for publication
All patients provided written, informed consent.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2018.

REFERENCES
1. de Baere T, Tselikas L, Gravel G, Deschamps F. Lung ablation: best practice/results/response assessment/role alongside other ablative
therapies. Clin Radiol 2017;72:657-64.
2. Palussière J, Catena V, Buy X. Percutaneous thermal ablation of lung tumors - radiofrequency, microwave and cryotherapy: where are
we going? Diagn Interv Imaging 2017;98:619-25.
3. Sidoff L, Dupuy DE. Clinical experiences with microwave thermal ablation of lung malignancies. Int J Hyperthermia 2017;33:25-33.
4. Ahmed M, Solbiati L, Brace CL, Breen DJ, Callstrom MR, Charboneau JW, Chen MH, Choi BI, de Baère T, Dodd GD 3rd, Dupuy
DE, Gervais DA, Gianfelice D, Gillams AR, Lee FT Jr, Leen E, Lencioni R, Littrup PJ, Livraghi T, Lu DS, McGahan JP, Meloni MF,
Nikolic B, Pereira PL, Liang P, Rhim H, Rose SC, Salem R, Sofocleous CT, Solomon SB, Soulen MC, Tanaka M, Vogl TJ, Wood BJ,
Goldberg SN; International Working Group on Image-guided Tumor Ablation; Interventional Oncology Sans Frontières Expert Panel;
Technology Assessment Committee of the Society of Interventional Radiology; Standard of Practice Committee of the Cardiovascular
and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe. Image-guided tumor ablation: standardization of terminology and reporting criteria-
-a 10-year update. Radiology 2014;273:241-60.
5. Hiraki T, Mimura H, Gobara H, Sano Y, Fujiwara H, Date H, Kanazawa S. Repeat radiofrequency ablation for local progression of lung