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Ornaghi et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2021;5:42 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2021.50 Page 7 of 17

female/44) according to CCS; The TTF and bowel movement was about 3 days
- Pathological: pT stage, (P = 0.38), and LOS was about 18 days (20 in
pN stage, PSMs, LN yield, female, 17.7 in male, P = 0.19)
histology; The mean LN yield removed were 18 (16.0 in
- Oncological: DFS female, 19.1 in male, P = 0.32), and 10 patients
had node metastatic disease on final pathologic
evaluation. Postoperative complications
occurred in 28 (26.9%) patients, major
complications in 8 (7.7%) patients, and minor
complications in 20 (19.2%) patients
[19]
Pruthi et al. , Retrospective 50 (40 male, 10 RARC Median of 14 IC (7 Age, sex, BMI, - Surgical: OT, type of UD, Female patients had shorter OT (4.6 h vs. 5.9 h,
2009 (monocentric female) months (IQR female/30); preoperative TNM EBL, TTF, LOS, 30-day P < 0.001), less EBL (215 mL vs. 330 mL, P =
study) 0.2-73) ONB (3 complications; 0.012) and approached a shorter time to bowel
female/20) - Pathological: pT stage, movement (2.4 days vs. 2.8 days, P = 0.057).
pN stage, PSMs, LN yield Mean TTF was 1.9 days (vs. 2.2 days), and mean
LOS was 4.9 days vs. 4.4 days). These outcomes
were comparable to the male patients,
particularly the 20 male patients undergoing
RARC during the same time period
On surgical pathology, 5 patients were ≤ pT2 (
vs. 28), 3 patients pT3 (vs. 6), and 2 patients N+
(s 6). There were no PSMs. Mean number of LN
removed was 19 (IQR 12-34), vs. 18 (IQR 8-37).
Males were more often organ confined in our
series (70% vs. 50%), but node-positive rates
were not significantly different (15% vs. 20%)
In female patients, 30-day complications
included 2 complications in 2 patients.
Complication rates in the male cohort was 30%,
but this was not found to be statistically different
than the rate in females

RC: Radical cystectomy; RARC: robot-assisted radical cystectomy; SS-RARC: sex-sparing-robot-assisted radical cystectomy; ORC: open radical cystectomy; LRC: laparoscopic radical cystectomy; IQR: interquartile
range; iN: intracorporeal neobladder; BMI: body mass index; ASA: American society of anesthesiologists; OT: operative time; Hb: hemoglobin; LOS: length of hospital stay; CCS: Clavien-Dindo classification system;
AC: adjuvant chemotherapy; NAC: neoadjuvant chemotherapy; PSMs: positive surgical margins; UES: uretero-enteric strictures; CIC: clean intermittent catheterization; FSFI: female sexual function index; CKD:
chronic kidney disease; QoL: quality of life; NR: not reported; UD: urinary diversion; ICUD: intracorporeal urinary diversion; ECUD: extracorporeal urinary diversion; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; EBL: estimated
blood loss; IT: intraoperative transfusion; PT: postoperative transfusion; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; LN: lymph node; ONB: orthotopic neobladder; IC: ileal conduit; CCD: continent cutaneous diversion;
IPC: Indiana pouch; RFS: recurrence-free survival; OS: overall survival; DFS: disease-free survival; UTI: urinary tract infection; RT: radiotherapy; ICU: intensive care unit; LVI: lymphovascular invasion; TURBT:
transurethral resection of bladder tumour; TTF: time to flatus; OS: overall survival; CSS: cancer-specific survival; CIS: cancer in situ; GS: Gleason Score; PLND: pelvic lymph node dissection; IIEF: international index of
erectile function; PDE5-I: phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.

All articles collected dealt with female patients undergoing RARC. In three of these studies, the technique applied was NS [13,21,22] , specifically to safeguard
functional postoperative outcomes. One article also included ORC, comparing the outcomes of the two approaches .
[18]