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Miller et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2021;5:24  https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2021.25                                                                                Page 5 of 12


                             Table 2. Oncologic outcomes from selected studies after robot-assisted radical cystectomy

                              Ref. and study acronym         Year       Surgical approach    Cases, (n) PSM, n (%) Lymph node yield, mean (SD) or median (IQR or range)           RFS        CSS        OS

                              Comparative studies, randomized
                                                       [6,7]
                              RAZOR trial, multiple authors  2020, 2018 ORC                  152         7 (5)        25.7 (SD 14.5)                                              65%, 3 yr  nr         69%, 3 yr
                                                                        RARC                 150         9 (6)        23.3 (SD 12.5)                                              68%, 3 yr  nr         74%, 3 yr
                                                 [8]
                              CORAL trial, Khan et al.       2020       ORC                  20          2 (10)       18.5 (IQR 14-25)                                            60%, 5 yr  64%, 5 yr  55%, 5 yr
                                                                        RARC                 20          3 (15)       14.5 (IQR 11-21)                                            58%, 5 yr  68%, 5 yr  65%, 5 yr
                                                                        LRC                  19          1 (5)        15.5 (IQR 12-22)                                            71%, 5 yr  69%, 5 yr  61%, 5 yr
                                         [9]                                                                                                                                                          #          #
                              Bochner et al.                 2018       ORC                  58          3 (5)        29 (IQR 22-38)                                              59%, 5 yr  80%, 5 yr  65%, 5 yr
                                                                                                                                                                                                      #          #
                                                                        RARC                 60          2 (3)        31 (IQR 23-37)                                              64%, 5 yr  75%, 5 yr  65%, 5 yr
                                        [10]
                              Parekh et al.                  2012       ORC                  20          1 (5)        23 (IQR 15-28)                                              nr         nr         nr
                                                                        RARC                 20          1 (5)        11 (IQR 9-22)                                               nr         nr         nr
                                     [11]
                              Nix et al.                     2010       ORC                  20          0 (0)        18 (range 8-30)                                             nr         nr         nr
                                                                        RARC                 21          0 (0)        19 (range 12-30)                                            nr         nr         nr
                              Comparative studies, non-randomized
                                                    [12]
                              RACE study, Wijburg et al.     2021       ORC                  168         nr (18)*     13 (IQR 9-18)                                               75%, 1 yr  nr         nr
                                                                        RARC                 180         nr (6)       15 (IQR 11-21)                                              76%, 1 yr  nr         nr
                                     [13]
                              Asil et al.                    2021       ORC                  31          1 (3)        22 (nr)                                                     nr         nr         nr
                                                                        RARC                 61          9 (15)       Range 22-25                                                 nr         nr         nr
                                    [14]                                                                                                                                                  #                      #
                              Ip et al.                      2020       ORC                  159         23 (14)      20 (SD 14)*                                                 75%, 5 yr  nr         65%, 5 yr
                                                                                                                                                                                           #                     #
                                                                        RARC                 73          8 (11)       12 (SD 8)                                                   80 %, 5 yr  nr        70%, 5 yr
                                       [15]
                              Zhang et al.                   2020       ORC                  272         22 (8)       nr                                                          nr         nr         55%, 5 yr
                                                                        RARC                 676         34 (5)       nr                                                          nr         nr         58%, 5 yr
                                      [16]
                              Faraj et al.                   2019       ORC                  278         15 (5)       12 (IQR 9-18)*                                              63%, 10 yr  nr        46%, 10 yr
                                                                        RARC                 203         7 (3)        18 (IQR 14-24)                                              70%, 10 yr  nr        40%, 10 yr
                                          [17]
                              Moschini et al.                2019       ORC                  1666        160 (10)     16 (10-24)                                                  nr         nr         nr
                                                                        RARC                 870         112 (13)     18 (12-25)                                                  nr         nr         nr
                                        [18]
                              Simone et al.                  2018       RARC, ICUD only      64          0 (0)        33.4 (SD 12.3)                                              79%, 4 yr  85%, 4 yr  82%, 4 yr
                                                                        ORC                  46          0 (0)        31.3 (SD 14.6)                                              73%, 4 yr  86%, 4 yr  80%, 4 yr
                                       [19]
                              Hanna et al.                   2018       ORC                  7513        (10.7)       12 (IQR 7-20)*                                              nr         nr         nr
                                                                        RARC                 2048        (9.3)        17 (IQR 10-25)                                              nr         nr         nr
                                         [20]
                              Gandagli et al.                2016       ORC                  230         31 (13)      13 (IQR 9-17)                                               57%, 5 yr  62%, 5 yr  58%, 5 yr
                                                                        RARC                 138         12 (9)       12 (IQR 8-17)                                               54%, 5 yr  74%, 5 yr  59%, 5 yr
                                     [21]
                              Tan et al.                     2016       ORC                  90          17 (19)*     12.6 (SD 10.9)                                              70%, 2 yr  81%, 2 yr  74%, 2 yr
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