Page 57 - Read Online

Page 32 of 38 J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2020;6:5 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-4722.2020.13

44. Delphinidin chloride and its hydrolytic metabolite gallic acid promote differentiation of
regulatory T cells and have an anti-inflammatory effect on the allograft model

Ki Hyeob Hyun, Ki Cheol Gil, Kwang Woo Hwang

College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) control the reactivity of other T cells to prevent excessive inflammatory
responses. They also play a role in preventing autoimmune diseases; however, when they are overproduced,
they decrease vital immunity, which can lead to invasion of external pathogens. Therefore, it is most
important in preventing the development of immune diseases to maintain the homeostasis of these cells.
Delphinidin chloride is an anthocyanidin and known to have antioxidant activities. However, its structure
is very unstable and easily decomposed. One of these degradation products is gallic acid, which also has
antioxidant effects. In this study, we examined the effect of these materials on Tregs in controlling immune
response. It was found that these materials further promote differentiation into Tregs, and TGF-β and IL-2
related signals are involved in this process. Furthermore, it was verified that a variety of immunosuppressive
proteins were secreted more, and the function of induced Tregs was also increased. Finally, in the allograft
model, we could find a decrease in activated T cells when these materials were treated because they
increased differentiation into Tregs. Therefore, these two materials are expected to become new candidates
for the treatment of diseases caused by excessive activation of immune cells, such as autoimmune diseases.

Practical application: Delphinidin, a kind of anthocyanin rich in pigmented fruits, and its hydrolytic
metabolite, gallic acid, are known to have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. In this experiment,
it was shown that delphinidin and gallic acid had an effect of increasing the differentiation of regulatory
T cells, and the effect of suppressing the function of memory T cells was also observed. Due to these
functions, delphinidin and gallic acid might have the potential to be used as immune suppressive agents in
organ transplant and autoimmune disease patients or be a model for food development associated with the
immune system.

45. Association between heavy metal cadmium and the warburg effect in breast cancer -
preliminary results

3
1
2
Ewa Jabłońska , Joanna Roszak , Beata Janasik , Monika Lesicka , Kornelia Kowalczyk , Edyta
1
2
1
4
3
Wieczorek , Leszek Kalinowski , Jarosław Skokowski , Wojciech Wąsowicz , Edyta Reszka 1
4
1 Department of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz 91-348,
Poland.
2 Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz 91-348,
Poland.
3 Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz 91-
348, Poland.
4 Central Bank of Tissues and Biological Material, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80-210 Poland.
Background and aim: Warburg effect is a cancer hallmark described as reprogramming of energy
metabolism, in which cells produce energy mainly due to glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation.
The Warburg effect is extremely important for the survival of tumor cells, particularly under hypoxia, but
it may also occur under aerobic conditions (hence, it is called aerobic glycolysis). Although Warburg effect