Page 98 - Read Online

Res 2012;32:3015-27. 1991;266:22087-90.
85. Ehrhardt M, Craveiro RB, Holst MI, Pietsch T, Dilloo D. The PI3K 103. Li Y, Lal B, Kwon S, Fan X, Saldanha U, Reznik TE, Kuchner EB,
inhibitor GDC-0941 displays promising in vitro and in vivo efficacy Eberhart C, Laterra J, Abounader R. The scatter factor/hepatocyte
for targeted medulloblastoma therapy. Oncotarget 2015;6:802-13. growth factor: c-met pathway in human embryonal central nervous
86. Hartmann W, Digon-Sontgerath B, Koch A, Waha A, Endl E, Dani system tumor malignancy. Cancer Res 2005;65:9355-62.
I, Denkhaus D, Goodyer CG, Sörensen N, Wiestler OD, Pietsch 104. Martens T, Schmidt NO, Eckerich C, Fillbrandt R, Merchant M,
T. Phosphatidylinositol 3’-kinase/AKT signaling is activated in Schwall R, Westphal M, Lamszus K. A novel one-armed anti-c-
medulloblastoma cell proliferation and is associated with reduced Met antibody inhibits glioblastoma growth in vivo. Clin Cancer Res
expression of PTEN. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:3019-27. 2006;12:6144-52.
87. Koul D, Shen R, Bergh S, Sheng X, Shishodia S, Lafortune TA, Lu Y, 105. Lu KV, Chang JP, Parachoniak CA, Pandika MM, Aghi MK, Meyronet
de Groot JF, Mills GB, Yung WK. Inhibition of Akt survival pathway D, Isachenko N, Fouse SD, Phillips JJ, Cheresh DA, Park M, Bergers
by a small-molecule inhibitor in human glioblastoma. Mol Cancer G. VEGF inhibits tumor cell invasion and mesenchymal transition
Ther 2006;5:637-44. through a MET/VEGFR2 complex. Cancer cell 2012;22:21-35.
88. Gallia GL, Tyler BM, Hann CL, Siu IM, Giranda VL, Vescovi AL, 106. Kongkham PN, Onvani S, Smith CA, Rutka JT. Inhibition of the
Brem H, Riggins GJ. Inhibition of Akt inhibits growth of glioblastoma MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in
and glioblastoma stem-like cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8:386-93. Medulloblastoma. Transl Oncol 2010;3:336-43.
89. Kumar A, Fillmore HL, Kadian R, Broaddus WC, Tye GW, Van 107. Faria CC, Golbourn BJ, Dubuc AM, Remke M, Diaz RJ, Agnihotri
Meter TE. The alkylphospholipid perifosine induces apoptosis and S, Luck A, Sabha N, Olsen S, Wu X, Garzia L, Ramaswamy V, Mack
p21-mediated cell cycle arrest in medulloblastoma. Mol Cancer Res SC, Wang X3 Leadley M, Reynaud D, Ermini L, Post M, Northcott
2009;7:1813-21. PA, Pfister SM, Croul SE, Kool M, Korshunov A, Smith CA, Taylor
90. Becher OJ, Hambardzumyan D, Walker TR, Helmy K, Nazarian J, MD, Rutka JT. Foretinib is effective therapy for metastatic sonic
Albrecht S, Hiner RL, Gall S, Huse JT, Jabado N, MacDonald TJ, hedgehog medulloblastoma. Cancer Res 2015;75:134-46.
Holland EC. Preclinical evaluation of radiation and perifosine in a 108. Lv B, Yang X, Lv S, Wang L, Fan K, Shi R, Wang F, Song H, Ma X,
genetically and histologically accurate model of brainstem glioma. Tan X, Xu K, Xie J, Wang G, Feng M, Zhang L. CXCR4 Signaling
Cancer Res 2010;70:2548-57. Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by PI3K/AKT and ERK
91. Knobbe CB, Reifenberger G. Genetic alterations and aberrant Pathways in Glioblastoma. Mol Neurobiol 2015;52:1263-8.
expression of genes related to the phosphatidyl-inositol-3’-kinase/ 109. Kil WJ, Tofilon PJ, Camphausen K. Post-radiation increase in VEGF
protein kinase B (Akt) signal transduction pathway in glioblastomas. enhances glioma cell motility in vitro. Radiat Oncol 2012;7:25.
Brain Pathol 2003;13:507-18. 110. Westhoff MA, Karpel-Massler G, Bruhl O, Enzenmuller S, La Ferla-
92. Vitucci M, Karpinich NO, Bash RE, Werneke AM, Schmid RS, Bruhl K, Siegelin MD, Nonnenmacher L, Debatin KM. A critical
White KK, McNeill RS, Huff B, Wang S, Van Dyke T, Miller CR. evaluation of PI3K inhibition in Glioblastoma and Neuroblastoma
Cooperativity between MAPK and PI3K signaling activation is required therapy. Mol Cell Ther 2014;2:32.
for glioblastoma pathogenesis. Neuro Oncol 2013;15:1317-29. 111. Birks DK, Barton VN, Donson AM, Handler MH, Vibhakar R,
93. Dey N, Crosswell HE, De P, Parsons R, Peng Q, Su JD, Durden DL. Foreman NK. Survey of MicroRNA expression in pediatric brain
The protein phosphatase activity of PTEN regulates SRC family tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:211-6.
kinases and controls glioma migration. Cancer Res 2008;68:1862-71. 112. Pang JC, Kwok WK, Chen Z, Ng HK. Oncogenic role of microRNAs
94. Mayo LD, Dixon JE, Durden DL, Tonks NK, Donner DB. PTEN in brain tumors. Acta Neuropathol 2009;117:599-611.
protects p53 from Mdm2 and sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy. 113. Weeraratne SD, Amani V, Teider N, Pierre-Francois J, Winter D,
J Biol Chem 2002;277:5484-9. Kye MJ, Sengupta S, Archer T, Remke M, Bai AH, Warren P, Pfister
95. Merrill MJ, Edwards NA. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptors in SM, Steen JA, Pomeroy SL, Cho YJ. Pleiotropic effects of miR-
human glial tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;71:199-209. 183~96~182 converge to regulate cell survival, proliferation and
96. Sinha S, Koul N, Dixit D, Sharma V, Sen E. IGF-1 induced HIF- migration in medulloblastoma. Acta Neuropathol 2012;123:539-52.
1alpha-TLR9 cross talk regulates inflammatory responses in glioma. 114. Stamenkovic I. Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor invasion and
Cell Signal 2011;23:1869-75. metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2000;10:415-33.
97. Lin YC, Lin JC, Hung CM, Chen Y, Liu LC, Chang TC, Kao JY, Ho 115. Vu TH, Werb Z. Matrix metalloproteinases: effectors of development
CT, Way TD. Osthole inhibits insulin-like growth factor-1-induced and normal physiology. Genes Dev 2000;14:2123-33.
epithelial to mesenchymal transition via the inhibition of PI3K/Akt 116. Chen JS, Wang Q, Fu XH, Huang XH, Chen XL, Cao LQ, Chen
signaling pathway in human brain cancer cells. J Agric Food Chem LZ, Tan HX, Li W, Bi J, Zhang LJ. Involvement of PI3K/PTEN/
2014;62:5061-71. AKT/mTOR pathway in invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular
98. Yin S, Girnita A, Stromberg T, Khan Z, Andersson S, Zheng carcinoma: Association with MMP-9. Hepatol Res 2009;39:177-86.
H, Ericsson C, Axelson M, Nistér M, Larsson O, Ekström TJ, 117. Jiao Y, Li H, Liu Y, Guo A, Xu X, Qu X, Wang S, Zhao J, Li Y, Cao Y.
Girnita L. Targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor by Resveratrol Inhibits the Invasion of Glioblastoma-Initiating Cells via
picropodophyllin as a treatment option for glioblastoma. Neuro Down-Regulation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway.
Oncol 2010;12:19-27. Nutrients 2015 ;7:4383-402.
99. Maris C, D’Haene N, Trepant AL, Le Mercier M, Sauvage S, 118. Greenspoon JN, Sharieff W, Hirte H, Overholt A, Devillers R,
Allard J, Rorive S, Demetter P, Decaestecker C, Salmon I. IGF-IR: Gunnarsson T, Whitton A. Fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery
a new prognostic biomarker for human glioblastoma. Br J Cancer with concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy for locally recurrent
2015 ;113:729-37. glioblastoma multiforme: a prospective cohort study. Onco Targets
100. Kong DS, Song SY, Kim DH, Joo KM, Yoo JS, Dong SM, Suh YL, Ther 2014;7:485-90.
Lee JI, Park K, Kim JH, Nam DH. Prognostic significance of c-Met 119. Kim S, Takahashi H, Lin WW, Descargues P, Grivennikov S, Kim Y,
expression in glioblastomas. Cancer 2009;115:140-8. Luo JL, Karin M. Carcinoma-produced factors activate myeloid cells
101. Fixman ED, Fournier TM, Kamikura DM, Naujokas MA, Park through TLR2 to stimulate metastasis. Nature 2009;457:102-6.
M. Pathways downstream of Shc and Grb2 are required for 120. Du R, Lu KV, Petritsch C, Liu P, Ganss R, Passegué E, Song H,
cell transformation by the tpr-Met oncoprotein. J Biol Chem Vandenberg S, Johnson RS, Werb Z, Bergers G. HIF1alpha induces
1996;271:13116-22. the recruitment of bone marrow-derived vascular modulatory cells to
102. Graziani A, Gramaglia D, Cantley LC, Comoglio PM. 1991. The regulate tumor angiogenesis and invasion. Cancer cell 2008;13:206-20.
tyrosine-phosphorylated hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor 121. Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-related
receptor associates with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Biol Chem inflammation. Nature 2008;454:436-44.

88
Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment ¦ Volume 2 ¦ March 11, 2016 ¦