Page 188 - Read Online

1946;39:655-7. 24. Seo Y, Yano Y. Short- and long-term outcome of interferon
4. Alter HJ, Holland PV, Purcell RH, Lander JJ, Feinstone SM, therapy for chronic hepatitis B infection. World J Gastroenterol
Morrow AG, Schmidt PJ. Posttransfusion hepatitis after exclusion 2014;20:13284-92.
of commercial and hepatitis-B antigen-positive donors. Ann Intern 25. Chen HS, Kaneko S, Girones R, Anderson RW, Hornbuckle WE,
Med 1972;77:691-9. Tennant BC, Cote PJ, Gerin JL, Purcell RH, Miller RH. The
5. Choo QL, Kuo G, Weiner AJ, Overby LR, Bradley DW, Houghton woodchuck hepatitis virus X gene is important for establishment of
M. Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A, virus infection in woodchucks. J Virol 1993;67:1218-26.
non-B viral hepatitis genome. Science 1989;244:359-62. 26. Keasler VV, Hodgson AJ, Madden CR, Slagle BL. Enhancement of
6. Blumberg BS, Larouzé B, London WT, Werner B, Hesser JE, hepatitis B virus replication by the regulatory X protein in vitro and
Millman I, Saimot G, Payet M. The relation of infection with in vivo. J Virol 2007;81:2656-62.
the hepatitis B agent to primary hepatic carcinoma. Am J Pathol 27. Zoulim F, Saputelli J, Seeger C. Woodchuck hepatitis virus X
1975;81:669-82. protein is required for viral infection in vivo. J Virol 1994;68:2026-
7. Prince AM, Szmuness W, Michon J, Demaille J, Diebolt G, Linhard 30.
J, Quenum C, Sankale M. A case/control study of the association 28. Lucifora J, Arzberger S, Durantel D, Belloni L, Strubin M, Levrero
between primary liver cancer and hepatitis B infection in Senegal. M, Zoulim F, Hantz O, Protzer U. Hepatitis B virus X protein is
Int J Cancer 1975;16:376-83. essential to initiate and maintain virus replication after infection. J
8. Blumberg BS, Millman I, inventor; Cancer Res Inst, assignee. Hepatol 2011;55:996-1003.
Vaccine against viral hepatitis and process. United States patent 29. Tsuge M, Hiraga N, Akiyama R, Tanaka S, Matsushita M, Mitsui
US3636191 A. 1972 Jan 18. F, Abe H, Kitamura S, Hatakeyama T, Kimura T, Miki D, Mori N,
9. Buynak EB, Roehm RR, Tytell AA, Bertland AU 2nd, Lampson Imamura M, Takahashi S, Hayes CN, Chayama K. HBx protein is
GP, Hilleman MR. Vaccine against human hepatitis B. JAMA indispensable for development of viraemia in human hepatocyte
1976;235:2832-4. chimeric mice. J Gen Virol 2010;91:1854-64.
10. Purcell RH, Gerin JL. Hepatitis B subunit vaccine: a preliminary 30. Nassal M. HBV cccDNA: viral persistence reservoir and key
report of safety and efficacy tests in chimpanzees. Am J Med Sci obstacle for a cure of chronic hepatitis B. Gut 2015;64:1972-84.
1975;270:395-9. 31. Seeger C, Mason WS. Molecular biology of hepatitis B virus
11. Seeger C, Zoulim F, Mason WS. Hepadnaviruses. In: Knipe DM, infection. Virology 2015;479-480C:672-86.
Howley PM, editors. Field’s Virology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: 32. Doitsh G, Shaul Y. Enhancer I predominance in hepatitis B virus
Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health; 2014. p. gene expression. Mol Cell Biol 2004;24:1799-808.
3376-436. 33. Bar-Yishay I, Shaul Y, Shlomai A. Hepatocyte metabolic signalling
12. Scaglione SJ, Lok AS. Effectiveness of hep atitis B treatment in pathways and regulation of hepatitis B virus expression. Liver Int
clinical practice. Gastroenterology 2012;142:1360-8. 2011;31:282-90.
13. Suh A, Brosius J, Schmitz J, Kriegs JO. The genome of a Mesozoic 34. Wang J, Lee AS, Ou JH. Proteolytic conversion of hepatitis B virus
paleovirus reveals the evolution of hepatitis B viruses. Nat Commun e antigen precursor to end product occurs in a postendoplasmic
2013;4:1791. reticulum compartment. J Virol 1991;65:5080-3.
14. Paraskevis D, Magiorkinis G, Magiorkinis E, Ho SY, Belshaw R, 35. Chen MT, Billaud JN, Sällberg M, Guidotti LG, Chisari FV, Jones
Allain JP, Hatzakis A. Dating the origin and dispersal of hepatitis B J, Hughes J, Milich DR. A function of the hepatitis B virus precore
virus infection in humans and primates. Hepatology 2013;57:908- protein is to regulate the immune response to the core antigen. Proc
16. Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:14913-8.
15. Sureau C, Eichberg JW, Hubbard GB, Romet-Lemonne JL, Essex 36. Chen M, Sällberg M, Hughes J, Jones J, Guidotti LG, Chisari FV,
M. A molecularly cloned hepatitis B virus produced in vitro is Billaud JN, Milich DR. Immune tolerance split between hepatitis B
infectious in a chimpanzee. J Virol 1988;62:3064-7. virus precore and core proteins. J Virol 2005;79:3016-27.
16. Yan RQ, Su JJ, Huang DR, Gan YC, Yang C, Huang GH. Human 37. Liaw YF. HBeAg seroconversion as an important end point in the
hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma. I. Experimental treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatol Int 2009;3:425-33.
infection of tree shrews with hepatitis B virus. J Cancer Res Clin 38. Eble BE, MacRae DR, Lingappa VR, Ganem D. Multiple topogenic
Oncol 1996;122:283-8. sequences determine the transmembrane orientation of the hepatitis
17. Locarnini S, Littlejohn M, Aziz MN, Yuen L. Possible origins B surface antigen. Mol Cell Biol 1987;7:3591-601.
and evolution of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Semin Cancer Biol 39. Peterson DL, Nath N, Gavilanes F. Structure of hepatitis B surface
2013;23:561-75. antigen. Correlation of subtype with amino acid sequence and
18. Tatematsu K, Tanaka Y, Kurbanov F, Sugauchi F, Mano S, Maeshiro location of the carbohydrate moiety. J Biol Chem 1982;257:10414-
T, Nakayoshi T, Wakuta M, Miyakawa Y, Mizokami M. A genetic 20.
variant of hepatitis B virus divergent from known human and 40. Eble BE, Lingappa VR, Ganem D. The N-terminal (pre-S2) domain
ape genotypes isolated from a Japanese patient and provisionally of a hepatitis B virus surface glycoprotein is translocated across
assigned to new genotype J. J Virol 2009;83:10538-47. membranes by downstream signal sequences. J Virol 1990;64:1414-
19. Tran TT, Trinh TN, Abe K. New complex recombinant genotype of 9.
hepatitis B virus identified in Vietnam. J Virol 2008;82:5657-63. 41. Gripon P, Cannie I, Urban S. Efficient inhibition of hepatitis B virus
20. Kurbanov F, Tanaka Y, Kramvis A, Simmonds P, Mizokami M. infection by acylated peptides derived from the large viral surface
When should “I” consider a new hepatitis B virus genotype? J Virol protein. J Virol 2005;79:1613-22.
2008;82:8241-2. 42. Yan H, Zhong G, Xu G, He W, Jing Z, Gao Z, Huang Y, Qi Y,
21. Chu CJ, Keeffe EB, Han SH, Perrillo RP, Min AD, Soldevila-Pico C, Peng B, Wang H, Fu L, Song M, Chen P, Gao W, Ren B, Sun Y,
Carey W, Brown RS Jr, Luketic VA, Terrault N, Lok AS. Hepatitis B Cai T, Feng X, Sui J, Li W. Sodium taurocholate cotransporting
virus genotypes in the United States: results of a nationwide study. polypeptide is a functional receptor for human hepatitis B and D
Gastroenterology 2003;125:444-51. virus. Elife 2012;1:e00049.
22. Shi W, Zhang Z, Ling C, Zheng W, Zhu C, Carr MJ, Higgins DG. 43. Urban S, Bartenschlager R, Kubitz R, Zoulim F. Strategies to
Hepatitis B virus subgenotyping: history, effects of recombination, inhibit entry of HBV and HDV into hepatocytes. Gastroenterology
misclassifications, and corrections. Infect Genet Evol 2013;16:355- 2014;147:48-64.
61. 44. Ganem D, Prince AM. Hepatitis B virus infection--natural history
23. Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Hepatitis B genotypes and clinical consequences. N Engl J Med 2004;350:1118-29.
correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis 45. Bruss V. Envelopment of the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid. Virus
B. Gastroenterology 2000;118:554-9. Res 2004;106:199-209.
Hepatoma Research | Volume 2 | July 1, 2016 179