Page 123 - Read Online

Turati et al. Hepatoma Res 2022;8:19 Hepatoma Research
DOI: 10.20517/2394-5079.2021.130

Original Article Open Access

Epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma

1
1,2
Federica Turati , Paola Bertuccio , Eva Negri 1,3,4 , Carlo La Vecchia 1
1
Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community
Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy.
2
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
3
Department of Humanities, Pegaso Online University, Naples 80131, Italy.
4
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40123, Italy.
Correspondence to: Prof. Carlo La Vecchia, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology “G. A. Maccacaro”,
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 22, Milan 20133, Italy. E-mail:
carlo.lavecchia@unimi.it
How to cite this article: Turati F, Bertuccio P, Negri E, Vecchia CL. Epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatoma Res
2022;8:19. https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2021.130

Received: 29 Sep 2021 First Decision: 29 Jan 2022 Revised: 28 Feb 2022 Accepted: 28 Mar 2022 Published: 12 Apr 2022
Academic Editor: Guang-Wen Cao Copy Editor: Jia-Xin Zhang Production Editor: Jia-Xin Zhang

Abstract
Aim: We aimed to analyze temporal trends in mortality from intrahepatic (ICC) and extrahepatic (ECC)
cholangiocarcinoma in selected countries worldwide.

Methods: Official death certification data for ICC and ECC and populations estimates for 29 countries worldwide
(17 from Europe, 8 from the Americas, and 4 from Australasia) and for Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of
the People’s Republic of China (SAR), from 1995 to 2018, were extracted from the World Health Organization and
the Pan American Health Organization databases. Age-standardized mortality rates were computed. A joinpoint
regression analysis was performed.

Results: In both sexes, ICC mortality rates increased in most countries considered, including the USA, the UK, and
Australia; in some countries, including Italy and France, the increasing trends leveled off over the most recent
years. In men, around 2016, the highest rates (1.7-2.3/100,000) were observed in Hong Kong SAR, Portugal,
France, Spain, Australia, Austria, the UK, and Canada; Latin American countries and some eastern European
countries had the lowest rates (0.2-0.8/100,000). A similar pattern was observed in women, but with lower rates
(from 1.7/100,000 in Hong Kong SAR to 0.14/100,000 in Argentina). ECC mortality declined in most European
and Australasian countries, but it tended to increase in Americas. In both sexes, rates were below 1/100,000
around 2016, with the only exceptions being Japan (2.6/100,000 men and 1.2/100,000 women) and Hungary
(1.5/100,000 men and 1.1/100,000 women).

© The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing,
adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as
long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and
indicate if changes were made.

www.hrjournal.net