Page 29 - Read Online
P. 29
da Fonseca et al. Hepatoma Res 2019;5:37 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2019.012 Page 11 of 13
DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Discussion, writing and editing of the manuscript: da Fonseca LG
Discussion, writing and editing of the manuscript: Carrilho FJ
Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.
Financial support and sponsorship
None.
Conflicts of interest
Both authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019.
REFERENCES
1. IARC. Fact sheets by Population-Globocan-IARC. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/39-All-cancers-
fact-sheet.pdf
2. Ishizawa T, Hasegawa K, Aoki T, Takahashi M, Inoue Y, et al. Neither multiple tumors nor portal hypertension are surgical
contraindications for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2008;134:1908-16.
3. Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, Hilgard P, Gane E, et al. Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med
2008;359:378-90.
4. Cheng AL, Kang YK, Chen Z, Tsao CJ, Qin S, et al. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with
advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2009;10:25-34.
5. Kudo M, Finn RS, Qin S, Han KH, Ikeda K, et al. Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable
hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2018;391:1163-73.
6. Bruix J, Qin S, Merle P, Granito A, Huang YH, et al. Regorafenib for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on
sorafenib treatment (RESORCE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2017;389:56-66.
7. Abou-Alfa GK, Meyer T, Cheng AL, El-Khoueiry AB, Rimassa L, et al. Cabozantinib in patients with advanced and progressing
hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2018;379:54-63.
8. Zhu AX, Kang YK, Yen CJ, Finn RS, Galle PR, et al. Ramucirumab after sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular
carcinoma and increased α-fetoprotein concentrations (REACH-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Lancet Oncol 2019;20:282-96.
9. Finn RS, Merle P, Granito A, Huang YH, Bodoky G, et al. Outcomes of sequential treatment with sorafenib followed by regorafenib
for HCC: additional analyses from the phase III RESORCE trial. J Hepatol 2018;69:353-8.
10. Coley WB. The treatment of malignant tumors by repeated inoculations of erysipelas. With a report of ten original cases. Am J Med
Sci 1893;105:487-510.
11. Dunn GP, Bruce AT, Ikeda H, Old LJ, Schreiber RD. Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape. Nat
Immunol 2002;3:991-8.
12. Morales A, Eidinger D, Bruce AW. Intracavitary Bacillus Calmette-guerin in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors. J Urol
1976;116):180-2.
13. Rudnicka D, Oszmiana A, Finch DK, Strickland I, Schofield DJ, et al. Rituximab causes a polarization of B cells that augments its
therapeutic function in NK-cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Blood 2013;121:4694-702.
14. Forner A, Reig M, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 2018;391:1301-14.
15. Pardee AD, Butterfield LH. Immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: Unique challenges and clinical opportunities.
Oncoimmunology 2012;1:48-55.