Page 94 - Read Online

Loria et al. Hepatoma Res 2018;4:59 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2018.75 Page 11 of 12

49. Kim CK, Lim JH, Lee WJ. Detection of hepatocellular carcinomas and dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic liver: accuracy of ultrasonography in
transplant patients. J Ultrasound Med 2001;20:99-104.
50. Bolondi L. Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2003;39:1076-84.
51. Singal A, Volk ML, Waljee A, Salgia R, Higgins P, Rogers MA, Marrero JA. Metaanalysis: surveillance with ultrasound for early-stage
hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009;30:37-47.
52. Lencioni R, Piscaglia F, Bolondi L. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2008;48:848-57.
53. Bruix J, Sherman M; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update.
Hepatology 2011;53:1020-2.
54. Lok AS, Sterling RK, Everhart JE, Wright EC, Hoefs JC, Di Bisceglie AM, Morgan TR, Kim HY, Lee WM, Bonkovsky HL, Dienstag
JL; HALT-C Trial Group. Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein as biomarkers for the early detection of hepatocellular
carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2010;138:493-502.
55. Zhang B, Yang B. Combined alpha fetoprotein testing and ultrasonography as a screening test for primary liver cancer. J Med Screen
1999;6:108-10.
56. Andersson KL, Salomon JA, Goldie SJ, Chung RT. Cost effectiveness of alternative surveillance strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma in
patients with cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;6:1418-24.
57. Makuuchi M, Kokudo N, Arii S, Futagawa S, Kaneko S, Kawasaki S, Matsuyama Y, Okazaki M, Okita K, Omata M, Saida Y, Takayama
T, Yamaoka Y. Development of evidence-based clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan.
Hepatol Res 2008;38:37-51.
58. Nouso K, Tanaka H, Uematsu S, Shiraga K, Okamoto R, Onishi H, Nakamura S, Kobayashi Y, Araki Y, Aoki N, Shiratori Y. Cost-
effectiveness of the surveillance program of hepatocellular carcinoma depends on the medical circumstances. J Gastroenterol Hepatol
2008;23:437-44.
59. Forner A, Vilana R, Ayuso C, Bianchi L, Solé M, Ayuso JR, Boix L, Sala M, Varela M, Llovet JM, Brú C, Bruix J. Diagnosis of hepatic
nodules 20 mm or smaller in cirrhosis: prospective validation of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Hepatology 2008;47:97-104.
60. Jang HJ, Kim TK, Burns PN, Wilson SR. Enhancement patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma at contrast-enhanced US: comparison with
histologic differentiation. Radiology 2007; 244:898-906.
61. Boozari B, Soudah B, Rifai K, Schneidewind S, Vogel A, Hecker H, Hahn A, Schlue J, Dietrich CF, Bahr MJ, Kubicka S, Manns MP, Gebel
M. Grading of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma using late phase of contrast enhanced sonography-a prospective study. Dig Liver Dis
2011;43:484-90.
62. Jang HJ, Kim TK, Burns PN, Wilson SR. Enhancement patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma at contrast-enhanced US: comparison with
histologic differentiation. Radiology 2007;244:898-906.
63. International Consensus Group for Hepatocellular Neoplasia; The International Consensus Group for Hepatocellular Neoplasia. Pathologic
diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma: a report of the international consensus group for hepatocellular neoplasia. Hepatology
2009;49:658-64.
64. Bruix J, Sherman M, Llovet JM, Beaugrand M, Lencioni R, Burroughs AK, Christensen E, Pagliaro L, Colombo M, Rodés J; EASL Panel
of Experts on HCC. Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European
Association for the Study of the Liver. J Hepatol 2001;35:421-30.
65. Kudo M, Izumi N, Kokudo N, Matsui O, Sakamoto M, Nakashima O, Kojiro M, Makuuchi M; HCC Expert Panel of Japan Society of
Hepatology. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan: Consensus-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines proposed by the Japan
Society of Hepatology (JSH) 2010 updated version. Dig Dis 2011;29:339-64.
66. Kudo M, Okanoue T; Japan Society of Hepatology. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan: consensus-based clinical practice
manual proposed by the Japan Society of Hepatology. Oncology 2007;1:2-15.
67. Vilana R, Forner A, Bianchi L, García-Criado A, Rimola J, de Lope CR, Reig M, Ayuso C, Brú C, Bruix J. Intrahepatic peripheral
cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis patients may display a vascular pattern similar to hepatocellular carcinoma on contrast-enhanced
ultrasound. Hepatology 2010;51:2020-9.
68. Rimola J, Forner A, Reig M, Vilana R, de Lope CR, Ayuso C, Bruix J. (2009) Cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis: absence of contrast washout
in delayed phases by magnetic resonance imaging avoids misdiagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2009;50:791-8.
69. Barreiros AP, Piscaglia F, Dietrich CF. Contrast enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): comments on
AASLD guidelines. J Hepatol 2012;57:930-2.
70. Khalili K, Kim TY, Jang HJ, Haider MA, Guindi M, Sherman M. Implementation of AASLD hepatocellular carcinoma practice guideline in
nothamerica: two years of experience. Meeting of the 2008;362A-362A.
71. Yu NC, Chaudhari V, Raman SS, Lassman C, Tong MJ, Busuttil RW, Lu DS. CT and MRI improve detection of hepatocellular carcinoma,
compared with ultrasound alone, in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;9:161-7.
72. Sersté T, Barrau V, Ozenne V, Vullierme MP, Bedossa P, Farges O, Valla DC, Vilgrain V, Paradis V, Degos F. Accuracy and disagreement of
computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodules: role of
biopsy. Hepatology 2012;55:800-6.
73. Strobel D, Seitz K, Blank W, Schuler A, Dietrich C, von Herbay A, Friedrich-Rust M, Kunze G, Becker D, Will U, Kratzer W, Albert
FW, Pachmann C, Dirks K, Strunk H, Greis C, Bernatik T. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the characterization of focal liver lesions--
diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice (DEGUM multi center trial). Ultraschall Med 2008;29:499-505.
74. Strobel D, Seitz K, Blank W, Schuler A, Dietrich CF, von Herbay A, Friedrich-Rust M, Bernatik T. Tumor-specific vascularixation pattern
of liver metastasis, hepatocellular carcinoma, emangioma and focal nodular hyperplasia in the differential diagnosis of 1349 liver lesions in
contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Ultraschall Med 2009;30:376-82.
75. Loria F. Vascolarizzazione dell’ epatocarcinoma: ruolo della CEUS e della TC multifasica. La radiologia medica 2014;1:961-7.