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DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Provided advice and supervised the work: Zheng T, Li X (Xianjun Li)
Drafted the manuscript: Li X (Xuehan Li), Li S, Li Y
Polished the manuscript: Yuan G, Zhang Y
Revised the figures: Shi J, Liu C
All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grants U20A20377 and
81872435 to Zheng T, and 82403891 to Li X (Xianjun Li).]; the Tou-Yan Innovation Team Program of
Heilongjiang Province (grant 2019-15); the HMU Marshal Initiative Funding (grant HMUMIF-21004 to
Zheng T.); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant 2023YFC3504600 to
Zheng T.); the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents [grant BX20240098 to Li X (Xianjun
Li).]; and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [grant 2023MD744211 to Li X (Xianjun Li).].

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2025.

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