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Kolba et al. Vessel Plus 2023;7:12 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2022.61 Page 7 of 13

Figure 1. Flow diagram for SAVR, redo-SAVR, TAVR, and ViV-TAVR patients with exclusion criteria.

Patient mental illness distribution
For first-time aortic valve replacements, 13.18% (n = 4,868) patients had a pre-existing MEI within the two
years of pre-procedure. Of these [see Table 3], the most prevalent MEI diagnoses included depression
(53.37%, n = 2,598/4,868), anxiety (25.74%, n = 1,253/4,868), or schizophrenia (25.18%, n = 1,226/4,868).
Other pre-procedural major mental illness diagnoses (such as dementia (8%, n = 389/4,868), mild cognitive
impairment (1%, n = 49/4,868), bipolar disorder (1%, n = 49/4,868), obsessive-compulsive disorder (0%),
alcohol-induced mental disorder (1% = 49/4,868), or PTSD/PTSD-related disorders (2%, n = 97/4,868) were
less frequently observed.

Only forty-one patients with MEI underwent a redo-SAVR or ViV-TAVR procedure. Of these, most MEI
patients were diagnosed with depression (63.41%, n = 26/41), schizophrenia (27%, n = 11/41), and anxiety-
related disorders (24%, n = 10/41). Like first-time AVR patients, however, the diagnoses of PTSD/PTSD-
related diagnoses (5%, n = 2/41), obsessive-compulsive disorder (2%, n = 1/41), bipolar disorder (2%,
n = 1/41), dementia (2%, n = 1/41), or mild cognitive impairment (2%, n = 1/41) were again relatively rare