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Page 6 of 10 Dall’Ara et al. Vessel Plus 2023;7:26 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.107

Table 3. Procedural and long-term outcome
Overall Fem 1 2
Variable Rad_Stand 114 (51.1) Rad_SGC 37 (16.6) P P
n = 223 72 (32.3)
Procedural success 199 (89.2) 60 (83.3) 105 (92.1) 34 (91.9) 0.145 0.601
Procedural complication
- MI 7 (3.1) 3 (4.2) 3 (2.6) 1 (2.7) 0.831 1.000
- stroke 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) n.a. n.a.
- no-reflow 3 (1.3) 2 (2.8) 1 (0.9) 0 (0.0) 0.405 1.000
- coronary perforation 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) n.a. n.a.
- burr entrapment 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) n.a. n.a.
- unsealed dissection 4 (1.8) 2 (2.8) 2 (1.8) 0 (0.0) 0.585 1.000
Bleeding ARC > 2 5 (2.2) 4 (5.6) 1 (0.9) 0 (0.0) 0.066 1.000
Any vascular complication 9 (4.0) 6 (8.3) 3 (2.6) 0 (0.0) 0.062 1.000
Procedural death 2 (0.9) 1 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 1 (2.7) 0.275 0.245
TLR at follow-up 8 (3.6) 5 (6.9) 3 (2.7) 0 (0.0) 0.136 1.000

Categorical variables are shown as number (percentage); continuous variables as median (interquartile range) or mean value (±standard
deviation). Fem: Femoral access; MI: myocardial infarction; n.a.: not applicable; Rad_SGC: radial sheathless guiding catheter access; Rad_Stand:
1 2
radial standard access; TLR: target lesion revascularization; P : comparison between the three groups; P : comparison between the two radial
groups.

Figure 2. Comparison of access failures and vascular complications between groups.

Long-term outcome
Twenty-two patients (9.9%) were lost during the long-term follow-up, and the median follow-up duration
was 612 (156-1,301) days. We had 8/221 (3.6%) cases of target lesion revascularization, evenly distributed
between the two groups [Table 3]. In Figure 4, Kaplan-Meier curves illustrate 3-year overall survival,
showing no differences between the three groups (log-rank: P = 0.757) or the two radial ones (log-rank:
P = 0.503).