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Alberts et al. Vessel Plus 2023;7:34 Vessel Plus
DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2023.37

Review Open Access

Transesophageal echocardiography during surgery

of the thoracic aorta in adults

Tim Alberts , Susanne Eberl , Henning Hermanns
Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam 1105AZ, the Netherlands.

Correspondence to: Dr. Tim Alberts, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105AZ,
the Netherland. E-mail: t.alberts@amsterdamumc.nl

How to cite this article: Alberts T, Eberl S, Hermanns H. Transesophageal echocardiography during surgery of the thoracic aorta
in adults. Vessel Plus 2023;7:34. https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.37

Received: 23 May 2023 First Decision: 14 Nov 2023 Revised: 29 Nov 2023 Accepted: 19 Dec 2023 Published: 25 Dec 2023

Academic Editor: Frank W. Sellke Copy Editor: Fangyuan Liu Production Editor: Fangyuan Liu

Abstract
Thoracic aortic surgery poses significant challenges due to the complex anatomy and potential for life-threatening
complications. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has emerged as a crucial imaging tool in the management
of patients undergoing these operations. TEE offers real-time, high-resolution imaging of the heart and aorta,
enabling accurate assessment of aortic pathology, evaluation of cardiac function, and monitoring of intraoperative
hemodynamics. Its semi-invasive nature, immediate availability, and ability to provide dynamic information make
TEE an indispensable adjunct during these intricate procedures. One of the primary indications for TEE during
thoracic aortic surgery is the assessment of aortic pathology, including aneurysms, dissections, and aortic valve
diseases. TEE allows precise visualization of the extent, location, and severity of aortic lesions, facilitating decision-
making regarding repair strategies, graft sizing, and intraoperative guidance. Furthermore, TEE aids in identifying
associated cardiac abnormalities such as valvular or ventricular dysfunction, which may impact surgical planning
and outcomes. This review aims to summarize the current evidence supporting the use of TEE during thoracic
aortic surgical interventions and highlight its invaluable contributions to perioperative patient care.

Keywords: Transesophageal echocardiography, thoracic aorta, aorta surgery, cardiovascular surgery, cardiac
anesthesia

INTRODUCTION
Echocardiography is the diagnostic tool of choice for numerous indications such as assessment of

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