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Review Article | Open Access

Soft Science

Zheng et al. Soft Sci. 2026, 6, 32 DOI:10.20517/ss.2025.157

Graphene and MXene fibers: rising stars for
emerging smart textiles

Chen Zheng , Ping Jiang , Cong Rui , Xueji Zhang , Lijun Qu , Tingting Fan , Jinlei Miao 1,3,*
1
2
1
1,*
1
1
Keywords:
Graphene, MXene,
conductive fibers, smart
textiles, wearable
electronics
Citation: Zheng, C.;
Jiang, P.; Rui, C.; Zhang, X.;
Qu, L.; Fan, T.; Miao, J.
Graphene and MXene fibers:
rising stars for emerging
smart textiles. Soft Sci. 2026,
6, 32.
https://dx.doi.org/10.20517
/ss.2025.157

Received: 31 Dec 2025
First Decision: 30 Jan
2026 Abstract
Revised: 14 Feb 2026
Accepted: 10 Mar 2026 The rapid evolution of smart textiles has created a pressing demand for soft conductive
Published: 28 Apr 2026 fibers that simultaneously possess outstanding mechanical flexibility and high electrical
conductivity. Emerging two-dimensional materials, particularly graphene and transition
Academic Editor: metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), serve as ideal building blocks for constructing such
YongAn Huang
Copy Editor: high-performance soft conductive fibers. This review systematically summarizes recent
Pei-Yun Wang advances in soft conductive fibers based on graphene and MXene nanosheets, with a
Production Editor: primary focus on their integration into smart textiles. This review focus on the mainstream
Pei-Yun Wang
fabrication techniques including wet spinning, surface coating, and electrospinning which
translate the intrinsic microscopic properties of graphene and MXene nanosheets into
practical macroscopic fibrous assemblies. These soft conductive fibers can be effectively
woven into smart textiles for a variety of wearable applications, such as electromagnetic
shielding, flexible sensing, personal healthcare, thermal management and energy
harvesting/storage. Furthermore, the review also discusses graphene/MXene composite
and hybrid fibers, highlighting their fabrication strategies, synergistic reinforcement

1 Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Textile Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Research Center
for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
2 School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China.
3 Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Functional Development and Application of High-Performance Special Textile
Materials, Textile Ecological Dyeing and Finishing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Textile College, Chengdu 610097,
Sichuan, China.

* Correspondence to: Prof. Tingting Fan, Prof. Jinlei Miao, Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Textile Materials, State Key
Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, College of Textiles & Clothing,
Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China. E-mail: tingtingfan@qdu.edu.cn; jinlei.miao@qdu.edu.cn

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