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Bizic et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:43 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2020.80 Page 7 of 8

some other available phalloplasty procedure in order to obtain the adult-sized neophallus as their final
[33]
goal .

CONCLUSION
The number of gender affirmation surgeries is increasing worldwide. Specifically, genitourinary surgeries
are of vital importance in GAS for transmen. The creation of “ideal” male external genitals is still a great
challenge, and no surgical approach can fulfill all the criteria to meet this goal. It is important to offer pre-
and postoperative counseling to patients, to discuss their expectations from the surgery in order to prevent
disappointment and improve their subsequent psychosexual functioning.

The neophallus created by metoidioplasty is often shorter when compared with other phalloplasty
techniques, and thus inadequate for penetration during sexual intercourse. In some individuals, this may
be a limiting factor for upright voiding. On the other hand, individuals who decide to have metoidioplasty
as the final option in their transition are more likely to have a single-stage procedure, to keep erogenous
sensation, and to avoid multiple surgeries and complications.

In a sense, the majority of metoidioplasty patients get what is considered “ideal” male genitalia in a one-
stage and time-saving procedure with reduced overall treatment costs and low postoperative complication
rate.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Made substantial contribution to conception and design of the study: Bizic M, Djordjevic M
Performed data analysis and interpretation: Stojanovic B, Bordas N
Performed data acquisition and provided technical support: Stojanovic B, Bencic M
Performed supervision and had responsibility for the organization and course of the project and the
manuscript preparation: Bizic M, Djordjevic M
Performed writing of the manuscript: Bizic M, Bordas N, Bencic M
Performed critical review of the manuscript: Djordjevic M

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
This study is supported by Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of
Serbia (175048).

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
The study was approved by Institutional Review Board (No. 2-1-1/2020) and an informed consent to
participate is obtaioned from the patients prior the surgery.

Consent for publication
A written informed consent for publication is obtained from patients.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020.