Page 200 - Read Online

Farber et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:20 Plastic and
DOI: 10.20517/2347-9264.2020.05 Aesthetic Research

Commentary Open Access

Evaluation and management of acquired ptosis

Stephanie E. Farber , Mark A. Codner 2
1
1 Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
2 Division of Plastic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Correspondence to: Dr. Mark A. Codner, Mark Codner Plastic Surgery, 1800 Howell Mill Rd, Suite 140, Atlanta, GA 30318, USA.
E-mail: macodner@gmail.com; mark@markcodnermd.com

How to cite this article: Farber SE, Codner MA. Evaluation and management of acquired ptosis. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:20.
http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2020.05

Received: 7 Jan 2020 First Decision: 20 Mar 2020 Revised: 24 Mar 2020 Accepted: 10 Apr 2020 Published: 23 Apr 2020
Science Editors: Allen M. Putterman, Chau Pham Copy Editor: Jing-Wen Zhang Production Editor: Jing Yu

Abstract
Periorbital rejuvenation is a common aesthetic goal sought by patients presenting to the plastic or oculoplastic
surgeon. For this reason, it is critical that the surgeon understand the functional considerations, such as preexisting
blepharoptosis, which will contribute to the ultimate aesthetic outcome. This article will review the anatomy of
the normal and ptotic lid and will discuss the approach to diagnosing and characterizing the type and degree of
lid ptosis. High-yield surgical techniques for ptosis correction will then be described, including the indications for
and steps of each procedure. Finally, the diagnosis and management of common complications that follow ptosis
surgery will be discussed. Our main objective is to arm the surgeon with the preoperative and operative planning
tools to successfully manage comorbid ptosis and thereby improve blepharoplasty outcomes.

Keywords: Functional eyelid surgery, eyelid ptosis, acquired ptosis, blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis, periorbital
rejuvenation

INTRODUCTION
The eyes are the focal point of the face. For this reason, it is common for patients to present to plastic
surgeons seeking an aesthetic, youthful periorbital appearance. Upper and lower lid blepharoplasty
are key operations intended to rejuvenate the periorbital region. However, given the many functional
considerations involved in eyelid and periorbital surgery, a thorough preoperative evaluation may reveal
other functional issues that must be addressed at the time of aesthetic eyelid surgery.

© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use,
sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long
as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license,
and indicate if changes were made.

www.parjournal.net