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Buncke. Plast Aesthet Res 2022;9:38 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2022.08 Page 3 of 17
[8]
Table 1. Nerve injury classification by Seddon and Sunderland [9]
Seddon Sunderland
classification [8] classification [9] Structure injured Ability to recover
Neurapraxia Type 1 Myelin Spontaneous recovery
Axonotmesis Type 2 Myelin, axon Spontaneous recovery, but slower than
neurapraxia/type 1
Type 3 Myelin, axon, endoneurium Spontaneous recovery unlikely, may require
surgical intervention
Type 4 Myelin, axon, endoneurium, Spontaneous recovery highly unlikely, requires
perineurium surgical intervention
Neurotmesis Type 5 Myelin, axon, endoneurium, Spontaneous recovery impossible, requires
perineurium, epineurium surgical intervention
Figure 1. Peripheral nerve structure.
