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Topic: Biomaterials for Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery

Intradermal fillers for minimally invasive

treatment of facial aging

Zhi Yuan (William) Lin , Vishva Shah , Arvind Dhinakar , Lara Yildirimer , Wen-Guo
1
1
1
2
Cui , Xin Zhao 1
3
1 The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Life
Science and Technology, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
2 Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College
London, London WC1E 6AU, UK.
3 Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University,
Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
Address for correspondence: Dr. Xin Zhao, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China. E-mail: xinzhao6@xjtu.edu.cn

Xin Zhao is an associate professor at Xi’an Jiaotong University, China. Prior to starting this appointment, she was
a postdoctoral fellow at Medical School and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University.
Her research involves engineering the micro- and nanoscale systems for tissue regeneration and drug delivery.

ABSTRACT
The ever-increasing interest in retaining a youthful physical appearance has facilitated the
development of various minimally invasive dermatological techniques. The use of intradermal
fillers can be incorporated into dermatological practices with minimal overhead costs. This
strategy addresses facial volume loss and dynamic lines, which are the main features of facial
aging. Moreover, intradermal fillers provide an array of flexible treatment options for a balanced
and holistic result to dermatological practitioners. This paper reviews the different intradermal
fillers categorized by biodegradable and non-permanent fillers including collagen based materials,
hyaluronic acid and autologous fat, semi-permanent fillers including poly methyl methacrylate,
poly-L-lactic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite microspheres, and permanent fillers including
silicone. A discussion is provided of the commercial products made of these materials and their
clinical efficacy in the treatment of facial aging.
Key words:
Intradermal fillers; facial aging; volumization; biodegradable and non-permanent fillers; semi-
permanent fillers; permanent fillers

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How to cite this article: Lin ZY, Shah V, Dhinakar A, Yildirimer L,
Cui WG, Zhao X. Intradermal fillers for minimally invasive treatment
DOI: of facial aging. Plast Aesthet Res 2016;3:72-82.
10.20517/2347-9264.2015.121
Received: 05-11-2015; Accepted: 25-11-2015
72 © 2016 Plastic and Aesthetic Research | Published by OAE Publishing Inc.