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Sharma et al. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammation 2018;5:43 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-8659.2018.51 Page 5 of 12
A
B
Figure 1. Multifocal glioblastoma responding to intraventricular delivery of IL13Ra2-redirected CAR T-cell therapy (modified from
Brown et al. [28] , permission for use granted by NEJM). A: sagittal view of gadolinium-enhanced MRI (top row) and FDG-PET (bottom
row) images showing tumor regression of tumors 6 and 7 in the brain (yellow arrowheads and circles); B: sagittal gadolinium-enhanced
MRI (top row) and coronal DG-PET (bottom row) images exhibiting tumor regression of tumor 8 in the spine (yellow circles)
treatment failed to prevent the development of additional tumors over time. Due to metastatic progression,
the patient subsequently received 10 intrathecal infusions into the right lateral ventricle. This was the first
time intraventricular administration of CAR-T cells was performed and surprisingly showed remarkable tu-
mor regression at the 6th infusion (out of 10). Complete response was observed for 7.5 months with increased
production of cytokines and immune cells but without any major systemic associated side effects. The study
suggested the ability to induce transient anti-tumor activity against multifocal glioblastoma with leptomen-
[28]
ingeal seeding through multiple delivery routes with very manageable therapy-related toxicity [Figure 1] .
[29]
O’Rourke et al. reported their experience with 10 patients with recurrent GBM who received a single dose
