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Page 12 of 16 Ding et al. Microbiome Res Rep 2024;3:16 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2023.64

Figure 6. Effects of B. longum subsp. infantis on the level of cytokines and immunoglobulin in serum in neonatal female (A-E) and male
mice (F-J). (A) IFN-γ; (B) IgG2a; (C) IL-4; (D) IgE; (E) the ratio of IgG2a and IgE; (F) IFN-γ; (G) IgG2a; (H) IL-4; (I) IgE; (J) the ratio of
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IgG2a and IgE. P < 0.05, compared to the corresponding gender control group. The mean ± SEM (n = 8 per group) was used to
represent the data. SEM: Error of the mean.

establishment of Th1/Th2 immune balance can prevent the occurrence and address the development of
allergic diseases. Hence, administration of Bifidobacterium in infants may help prevent and alleviate allergic
diseases. Intervention with specific strains of mice after birth can promote Th1/Th2 immune balance, which
may effectively prevent the incidence of allergies, asthma, and other diseases in childhood. A similar