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Ding et al. Microbiome Res Rep 2024;3:16 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2023.64 Page 9 of 16

group) was used to represent the data. SEM: Error of the mean.

Figure 4. Effects of B. longum subsp. infantis on JAK/STAT pathway-related protein expression in the colon of female mice (C-F) and
male mice (G-J). (A) colon STAT1, pSTAT1, T-bet, STAT6, pSTAT6, GATA3 western blotting bands of female mice; (B) colon STAT1,
pSTAT1, T-bet, STAT6, pSTAT6, GATA3 western blotting bands of male mice; (C) T-bet; (D) GATA3; (E) pSTAT1; (F) pSTAT6; (G) T-
*
bet; (H) GATA3; (I) pSTAT1; (J) pSTAT6. P < 0.05, compared to the corresponding gender control group. The mean ± SEM (n = 8 per

In contrast, the relative abundance of B. animalis subsp. lactis was significantly lower in I5MI (P < 0.01) and
B6MNI groups (P < 0.05) compared to that in the control group [Figure 5F]. The relative abundance of
B. breve was significantly lower in I5MI (P < 0.01) and I4MI groups (P < 0.05) compared to that in the
control group [Figure 5G]. The relative abundance of B. longum subsp. longum was significantly lower in
I5MI (P < 0.001) compared to that in the control group [Figure 5H]. In contrast, the relative abundance of
B. pseudocatenalatum, and B. pseudolongum were significantly lower in I4MI, I5MI, and B6MNI groups
compared to that in the control group (P < 0.05, Figure 5I and J).