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Maalouly et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2021;5:35 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2021.57 Page 5 of 12

Table 1. Demographics

Age (years) 70.9 ± 9.5
M/F 15/26
Total cases (n) 41
BMI 29.2 ± 5.6
Total screws for assessment 250
Total number of instrumented levels 86

BMI: Body mass index.

Figure 1. Draping of the patient when O-arm is used with DRB and ICT shown clearly. DRB: Dynamic reference base; ICT: intraoperative
computed tomography.

Figure 2. (A) Intraoperative planning prior to draping. (B) Intraoperative planning change with the screen draped during screw insertion.

and reconstruction. The intraoperative CT scan protocol was utilized in 38 cases. The preoperative CT scan
with intraoperative fluoroscopy integration was used in three patients.

Learning curve
The patients were classified into five groups. Group A, Cases 1-9; Group B, Cases 10-18; Group C, Cases 19-
26; Group D, Cases 27-32; and Group E, Cases 33-41 [Table 2]. The surgeon’s learning curve was reached at