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Figure 1. shows that the picture quality is excellent

Figure 2. shows the various parts of the innovative Laparoscope

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The first author has used these laparoscopes in his hospital from last 5 years for laparoscopy in children
and adults in about 356 cases and got away completely with the conventional equipment. It has been used
for laparoscopic surgeries such as appendicectomy, orchidopexies [Supplementary Video 1-2], herniotomies
[Supplementary Video 3], pyloromyotomy, Intussusception reduction and in diagnostic laparoscopies.

Diagnostic Laparoscopies are carried out using our innovative equipment that has the video camera and
LED lights in the tip of the instrument. It is connected to the Laptop computer through a USB hub and is
powered by the Laptop computer. It makes the rod lens system and the light source redundant. Since there
is no image loss by the rod lenses, the image quality is phenomenal [Figure 1].

These scopes are available in 5, 8- and 10-mm sizes. The camera is fitted at the tip of a seamless joint free
stainless-steel tube with 5 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm diameter [Figure 2]. The wires of the camera are connected
to male USB connector which is fitted outside the holder of the scope. The holder of the scope is made
up of heat resistant polymer called Delrin (Polyacetal). Polyacetal or polyformaldehyde, is an engineering
thermoplastic used in precision parts requiring high stiffness, low friction, and excellent dimensional
stability. The focal length is from 2 to 20 cm and the white balance, shutter, iris, colors are automatically set
by the camera.