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Scardino et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2022;6:57 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2022.55 Page 3 of 9

Table 1. Outcomes of open surgical therapy for Zenker diverticulum
Author Year No. patients Complications (%) Mortality (%) Satisfactory results (%) Recurrence (%)
Bonafede et al. [38] 1997 87 24 3.5 78 NR
[39]
Zbären et al. 1999 66 15 1.5 77 6
[40]
Leporrier et al. 2001 40 17.5 0 92 0
[41]
Gutschowet al. 2002 101 13 0 98 3.9
[42]
Colombo-Benkmann et al. 2003 79 15 0 76 2.5
Bonavina et al. [8] 2007 116 3.4 0.8 84.2 1.7
[43]
Lerut et al. 2008 289 8.5 0 94.2 0.03
Rizzetto et al. [44] 2008 77 13 0 95 5.2
[45]
Greene et al. 2015 68 NR 0 69% NR
[6]
Modified from Aiolfi et al. ; NR: not reported.

Table 2. Outcomes of transoral stapling for Zenker diverticulum
Complications Mortality Satisfactory results Recurrence
Author Year No. patients
(%) (%) (%) (%)
[46]
Cook et al. 2000 74 5 0 71 8.7
[47]
Jaramillo et al. 2001 32 3.7 0 80 7.4
[48]
Stoeckli et al. 2002 30 27 0 96 NR
[49]
Counter et al. 2002 31 9.7 0 50 22
Chang et al. [50] 2003 150 12.7 0 73.3 11.8
[51]
Wasserzug et al. 2010 55 4 0 90 10
Bonavina et al. [52] 2015 100 2 0 84 24
[6]
Modified from Aiolfi et al. ; NR: not reported.

Figure 1. Transoral septum stapling: Traction sutures applied with Endostitch™ to enable extended septum division.

Ishioka et al. in 1995. Since then, this procedure has commonly been performed under deep sedation and in
the outpatient setting, thus allowing the treatment of elderly patients with small (< 3 cm) pouches who may
be unfit for general anesthesia . Over time, different devices, such as needle-knife, hook-knife, harmonic
[21]