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Donisi et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2021;5:38  https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2021.55                                                                                      Page 5 of 15



                          Table 1. Hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy

                                                Period of                                                    Included             N of HALS pancreatic                                           HALS vs.
                                                enrollment          Surgical operation                       approaches           procedures                     HALS vs. open                   TLS/robotic

                                   [29]
                          Cuschieri  , 2000     -                   DP, TP, minor pancreatic resections, liver   HALS             2                              -                               -
                                                                    resections,
                                      [53]
                          Misawa et al.  , 2006  2004-2005          DP                                       HALS, open           8                              Reduced IBL, LOS                -
                                                                                                                                                                 Similar OT
                                         [39]
                          D’Angelica et al.  ,   2002-2004          DP                                       HALS                 17                             -                               -
                          2006
                                    [54]
                          Pierce et al.  , 2007   2000-2006         DP, enucleation                          HALS*, TLS           3                              -                               -
                                  [55]
                          Teh et al.  , 2007    2002-2005           DP                                       HALS*, TLS, open     8                              -                               -
                                   [56]
                          Tang et al.  , 2007   1999-2006           DP                                       HALS*, TLS, open°    2                              -                               -
                                        [44]
                          Nakamura et al.  ,    2000-2007           DP                                       HALS*, TLS, open     5                              -                               -
                          2008
                                   [57]
                          Laxa et al.  , 2008   2002-2007           DP                                       HALS, TLS            7                              -                               -
                                   [58]
                          Vijan et al.  , 2010   2004-2009          DP                                       HALS*, TLS, open     2                              -                               -
                                        [43]
                          Jayaraman et al.  ,   2003-2009           DP                                       HALS*, TLS, open     38                             -                               -
                          2010
                                     [59]
                          Gumbs et al.  , 2012  -                   DP                                       HALS*, TLS           4                              -                               -
                                       [42]
                          Kneuertz et al.  ,    2000-2011           DP                                       HALS, TLS            62                             -                               Increased LOS
                          2012
                                     [60]
                          Rostas et al.  , 2012  2008-2011          DP                                       HALS                 34                             -                               -
                                   [61]
                          Rutz et al.  , 2014   2009-2013           DP                                       HALS, TLS, open      21                             -                               Increased IBL, tumor
                                                                                                                                                                                                 size
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Similar LOS, morbidity
                                        [41]
                          Postlewait et al.  ,   2000-2014          DP                                       HALS, TLS, robotic,   46                            Reduced IBL, LOS                Similar IBL, LOS
                          2018                                                                               open                                                Similar specimen length, OT, and
                                                                                                                                                                 LN yield
                                      [16]
                          Gamboa et al.  , 2020 2010-2018           DP                                       HALS, TLS, robotic,   109                           Reduced IBL, LOS                -
                                                                                                             open                                                Similar OT, morbidity, LN yield, R0
                                                                                                                                                                 rate


                          The literature search was conducted on the PubMed database. The search terms used were “laparoscopy” OR “hand-assisted” AND “pancreatic resection” OR “distal pancreatectomy” OR “pancreatectomy”
                          individually or in combination. A manual search of reference lists of included articles was conducted. Case reports were excluded from the table. N: Number; HALS: hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery; TLS: total
                          laparoscopic surgery; DP: distal pancreatectomy; TP: total pancreatectomy; LOS: length of stay; IBL: intraoperative blood loss; OT: operative time; LN: lymph node. *HALS was not treated as a separate group from
                          laparoscopy; °historical cohort.
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