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Page 176 Pavan et al. J Transl Genet Genom 2021;5:173-81 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/jtgg.2021.18

178 tissue healthy BeadChip (HM450k) chip
samples control
[7]
Connell et al. 2020 207 207 PCa NA Urine MS-qPCR GSTP1, SRFP2, Yes Yes No NA NA
IGFBP3, IGFBP7,
APC, PTSG2
Zhao et al. [8] 2019 103 103 PCa on AS NA Urine Multiplex MethyLight APC, GSTP1, CRIP3, No Yes No 60% 81%
assay HOXD8
Constâncio et al. [12] 2019 121 121 PCa NA Plasma Multiplex qMSP APC, FOXA1, Yes Yes No 72% 72%
GSTP1, HOXD3,
RARβ2, RASSF1A,
SEPT9, SOX17
[17]
Carson et al. 2020 ND Small cohort NA Serum/Plama mDETECT Methylation No Yes No NA NA
of patients of DETection of
men with BCR circulating tumor
DNA
[14]
Bjerre et al. 2020 264 102 lPCa, 65 36 Plasma MS-ddPCR DOCK2, HAPLN3, Yes Yes Yes 80%-100% 75%-94%
de novo mPCa healthy FBXO30
control,
61 BPH
[15]
Beltran et al. 2020 62 10 mPCa, 35 NA Plasma WGBS Relevant from panel Yes No Yes NA NA
CRPC-adeno, of genes: ASXL3,
17 CRPC-NE SPDEF, INSM1,
CDH2, TP53, RB1,
CYLD, AR
[18]
Wu et al. 2020 25 25 mCRP NA Plasma NGS Next-generation Yes No No NA NA
sequencing on
plasma DNA
Silva et al. [9] 2020 4 4 mCRP NA Urine and MethyLight qPCR and Methylation array Yes No Yes NA NA
plasma Infinium® chip
MethylationEPIC
BeadChip
AS: Active surveillance; BCR: biochemical recurrence; BPH: benign prostatic hyperplasia; CRPC-adeno: castration-resistant adenocarcinoma; ddPCR: digital droplet PCR; DRE: digital rectal examination; FV: first
morning void; lPCa: localized prostate cancer; qPCR: quantitative PCR; qMPS: quantitative Methylation specific PCR; mCRPC-NE: metastatic castration-resistant neuroendocrine prostate cancer; mCRP: metastatic
castration resistant prostate cancer; mDETECT: methylation DETection of circulating tumor DNA; mPCa: hormone-naive metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma; PCa: prostate cancer; MS-SNuPE: Microarray-based
methylation-sensitive single-nucleotide primer extension; MS-ddPCR: methylation specific digital droplet PCR; MS-qPCR: methylation specific quantitative PCR; Multiplex qMSP: multiplex quantitative methylation-
specific PCR; NA: not assested; ND: not defined; NGS: next-generation sequencing; OBBPA-ddPCR: optimized bias-based pre-amplification-digital droplet PCR; WGBS: whole-genome bisulfite sequencing.

markers was proposed and tested . They found that in both groups, the median number of the methylated markers was higher in PCa cases than controls, 16
[4]
of 32 vs. 5 of 32, respectively. The 10 of 32 positive methylated markers cutoff was found to be the threshold to recommend a patient for prostate biopsy. The
positive predictive value did not significantly improve from the previous study with 19 targets, being 71% and 77%, for DRE and FV, respectively. On the