Page 629 - Read Online

Peyvandi et al. J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2019;5:44 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-4722.2019.16 Page 17 of 24

Copyright
The Author(s) 2019.

REFERENCES
1. Chaffer CL, Weinberg RA. A perspective on cancer cell metastasis. Science 2011;331:1559-64.
2. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 2011;144:646-74.
3. Chaffer CL, Weinberg RA. How does multistep tumorigenesis really proceed? Cancer Discov 2015;5:22-4.
4. Massague J, Obenauf AC. Metastatic colonization by circulating tumour cells. Nature 2016;529:298-306.
5. Obenauf AC, Massague J. Surviving at a distance: organ-specific metastasis. Trends Cancer 2015;1:76-91.
6. Lorusso G, Rüegg C. New insights into the mechanisms of organ-specific breast cancer metastasis. Seminar Cancer Biol 2012;22:226-33.
7. Chiang AC, Massague J. Molecular basis of metastasis. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2814-23.
8. Sleeman JP, Christofori G, Fodde R, Collard JG, Berx G, et al. Concepts of metastasis in flux: the stromal progression model. Semin
Cancer Biol 2012;22:174-86.
9. Bussard KM, Mutkus L, Stumpf K, Gomez-Manzano C, Marini FC. Tumor-associated stromal cells as key contributors to the tumor
microenvironment. Breast Cancer Res 2016;18:84.
10. Mao Y, Keller ET, Garfield DH, Shen K, Wang J. Stromal cells in tumor microenvironment and breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev
2013;32:303-15.
11. Lorusso G, Ruegg C. The tumor microenvironment and its contribution to tumor evolution toward metastasis. Histochem Cell Biol
2008;130:1091-103.
12. Cserni G, Chmielik E, Cserni B, Tot T. The new TNM-based staging of breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2018;472:697-703.
13. Herbst RS, Heymach JV, Lippman SM. Lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1367-80.
14. Nicum S, Midgley R, Kerr DJ. Colorectal cancer. Acta Oncol 2003;42:263-75.
15. Damber JE, Aus G. Prostate cancer. Lancet 2008;371:1710-21.
16. Demicheli R, Biganzoli E, Ardoino I, Boracchi P, Coradini D, et al. Recurrence and mortality dynamics for breast cancer patients
undergoing mastectomy according to estrogen receptor status: different mortality but similar recurrence. Cancer Sci 2010;101:826-30.
17. Retsky M, Demicheli R. Multimodal hazard rate for relapse in breast cancer: quality of data and calibration of computer simulation.
Cancers (Basel) 2014;6:2343-55.
18. DeSantis C, Ma J, Bryan L, Jemal A. Breast cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:52-62.
19. Waks AG, Winer EP. Breast cancer treatment: a review. JAMA 2019;321:288-300.
20. Yersal O, Barutca S. Biological subtypes of breast cancer: prognostic and therapeutic implications. World J Clin Oncol 2014;5:412-24.
21. Prat A, Pineda E, Adamo B, Galvan P, Fernandez A, et al. Clinical implications of the intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Breast
2015;24 Suppl 2:S26-35.
22. Foulkes WD, Smith IE, Reis-Filho JS. Triple-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;363:1938-48.
23. Loibl S, Gianni L. HER2-positive breast cancer. Lancet 2017;389:2415-29.
24. Friend S, Royce M. The changing landscape of breast cancer: how biology drives therapy. Medicines (Basel) 2016;3:E2.
25. Guler EN. Gene expression profiling in breast cancer and its effect on therapy selection in early-stage breast cancer. Eur J Breast Health
2017;13:168-74.
26. Colozza M, de Azambuja E, Cardoso F, Bernard C, Piccart MJ. Breast cancer: achievements in adjuvant systemic therapies in the pre-
genomic era. Oncologist 2006;11:111-25.
27. Brady-West DC, McGrowder DA. Triple negative breast cancer: therapeutic and prognostic implications. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
2011;12:2139-43.
28. Goldvaser H, Ribnikar D, Majeed H, Ocana A, Amir E. Absolute benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in contemporary clinical trials: A
systemic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev 2018;71:68-75.
29. Coates AS, Winer EP, Goldhirsch A, Gelber RD, Gnant M, et al. Tailoring therapies-improving the management of early breast cancer: St
Gallen international expert consensus on the primary therapy of early breast cancer 2015. Ann Oncol 2015;26:1533-46.
30. von Minckwitz G, Loibl S, Maisch A, Untch M. Lessons from the neoadjuvant setting on how best to choose adjuvant therapies. Breast
2011;20 Suppl 3:S142-5.
31. Zardavas D, Fouad TM, Piccart M. Optimal adjuvant treatment for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer in 2015. Breast 2015;24
Suppl 2:S143-8.
32. Wahba HA, El-Hadaad HA. Current approaches in treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2015;12:106-16.
33. Hirshfield KM, Ganesan S. Triple-negative breast cancer: molecular subtypes and targeted therapy. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2014;26:34-
40.
34. Malvezzi M, Bertuccio P, Levi F, La Vecchia C, Negri E. European cancer mortality predictions for the year 2012. Ann Oncol
2012;23:1044-52.
35. Di Leo A, Curigliano G, Dieras V, Malorni L, Sotiriou C, et al. New approaches for improving outcomes in breast cancer in Europe. Breast
2015;24:321-30.
36. Pantel K, Brakenhoff RH. Dissecting the metastatic cascade. Nat Rev Cancer 2004;4:448-56.
37. Gupta GP, Massague J. Cancer metastasis: building a framework. Cell 2006;127:679-95.
38. Kang Y, Pantel K. Tumor cell dissemination: emerging biological insights from animal models and cancer patients. Cancer Cell
2013;23:573-81.
39. Ajani JA, Song S, Hochster HS, Steinberg IB. Cancer stem cells: the promise and the potential. Semin Oncol 2015;42 Suppl 1:S3-17.