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Borniger. J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2019;5:23 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-4722.2018.107 Page 5 of 18

Microbial Breast tumor tissue and Qualitative survey of breast Bacterium Methylobacterium radiotolerans [133]
Dysbiosis paired normal adjacent microbiota DNA is relatively enriched in tumor tissue, while
tissue from the same patient the bacterium Sphingomonas yanoikuyae
is relatively enriched in paired normal
tissue. The relative abundances of these
two bacterial species were inversely
correlated in paired normal breast tissue
but not in tumor tissue, indicating that
dysbiosis is associated with breast cancer
48 postmenopausal breast Microbiota profiles in fecal DNA Estrogens correlated with α-diversity in [134]
cancer case patients, were determined by Illumina control patients (Spearman Rho = 0.37, P
pretreatment, vs. 48 control sequencing and taxonomy of = 0.009) but not case patients (Spearman
patients 16S rRNA genes. Estrogens were Rho = 0.04, P = 0.77). Compared with
quantified in urine; linear and control patients, case patients had
unconditional logistic regression statistically significantly altered microbiota
of microbiota α-diversity (PD_ composition (β-diversity, P = 0.006) and
whole tree) and UniFrac analysis lower α-diversity (P = 0.004). Adjusted
of β-diversity for estrogens and other covariates, odds
ratio of cancer was 0.50 (95%CI, 0.30-
0.85) per α-diversity tertile
31 patients with early-stage Bacterial DNA was extracted Absolute numbers of total bacteria [135]
breast cancer from the feces; qPCR amplified, and three bacterial groups (Firmicutes,
targeting 16S rRNA sequences Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Blautia)
specific to bacterial groups, differed significantly according to the
and then analyzed in relation to patient’s body mass index. C. coccoides,
clinical characteristics F. prausnitzii, and Blautia, differed
significantly according to the clinical
stages and the histoprognostic grades
Eighteen patients Feces were collected on 1st Premenopausal BC patients showed [136]
with breast cancer (BC), 18 admission and processed increased Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli, log
with uterine immediately; qualitative and 9.7 ± 2.1, P < 0.001); aerobic streptococci
leiomyoma (UL), and quantitative analysis of fecal flora (log 7.8 ± 2.0) and lactobacilli (log 8.0 ±
30 healthy women 2.8). Anaerobic bacteria were increased
(P < 0.001) for clostridia (log 9 ± 1.7),
bacteroides (log 7.2 ± 3.1), and anaeroboic
lactobacilli (9.1 ± 2.5). Similar changes in
menopausal samples
Systemic Data from the Health, Concentrations of CRP and SAA Elevated SAA and CRP were associated [137]
Inflammation Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle were measured approximately 31 with reduced overall survival, regardless of
(HEAL) Study (a multiethnic months after diagnosis and tested adjustment for age, tumor stage, race, and
prospective cohort study for associations with disease- body mass index (SAA P trend < 0.0001;
of women diagnosed with free survival (approximately 4.1 CRP P trend = 0.002). The HRs for SAA
stage 0 to IIIA breast years of follow-up) and overall and CRP tertiles suggested a threshold
cancer) (734 total survivors) survival (approximately 6.9 years effect on survival, rather than a dose-
of follow-up) response relationship (highest vs. lowest
tertile: SAA HR = 3.15; 95%CI, 1.73-5.65;
CRP HR = 2.27; 95%CI, 1.27-4.08)
96 patients with metastatic Evaluated the value of an Multivariate analysis of the GPS and [138]
breast cancer. During follow- inflammation-based score treatment received, only the GPS (HR 2.26,
up 51 patients died of their (Glasgow Prognostic Score, GPS) 95%CI 1.45-3.52, P < 0.001) remained
cancer in patients with metastatic breast significantly associated with cancer-
cancer (scored on 0-2 scale) specific survival
Colorectal (n = 182), gastric Median survival, univariate/ Association between duration of survival [139]
(n = 87), breast (n = 99), multivariate analyses and both log 10 C-reactive protein and
or bronchogenic (n = 404) of correlations between albumin concentrations (P < 0.0002). log 10
cancer patients, who had inflammatory markers and C-reactive protein was an independent
measurements of C-reactive survival predictor of survival (P < 0.0002). When
protein and albumin all patients were analyzed (n = 772),
the hazard ratio for a 10-fold increase in
C-reactive protein concentration in cancer-
specific survival was 2.21 (95%CI = 1.92-
2.56, P < 0.0001)
Cross-sectional and Metabolic syndrome-associated Pts with WAT inflammation had elevated [140]
retrospective studies. circulating factors were compared insulin, glucose, leptin, triglycerides,
CS included 100 women by CLS-B status. The association C-reactive protein, and IL6 and lower
undergoing mastectomy for between CLS of the breast and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and
breast cancer risk reduction the metabolic syndrome was adiponectin (P < 0.05); Compared with
(n = 10) or treatment (n = validated; Distant recurrence-free patients without breast WAT inflammation,
90). Retro study was 127 survival (dRFS) was compared by the adjusted HR for dRFS was 1.83 (95%CI,
women who developed CLS-B status 1.07-3.13) for patients with inflammation
metastatic breast cancer