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Page 6 of 10 Sempokuya et al. Hepatoma Res 2019;5:38 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2019.013

Table 4. Predictors of 10-year survival (all patients)
Univariate odds-ratio (95%CI) Multivariate odds-ratio (95%CI)
Age ≥ 65 0.29 (0.14-0.57) 0.33 (0.15-0.72)
Sex (Males) 1.71 (0.86-3.41)
Hepatitis B 1.30 (0.74-2.30)
Hepatitis C 1.21 (0.68-2.15)
Alcohol history 1.28 (0.72-2.29)
NASH/NAFLD 0.43 (0.16-1.17) 1.07 (0.32-3.52)
HCC found with surveillance 1.05 (0.50-2.21)
BMI ≥ 25 0.84 (0.48-1.50)
BMI ≥ 30 0.84 (0.40-1.75)
Smoking 0.81 (0.46-1.42)
Diabetes mellitus 0.28 (0.13-0.60) 0.28 (0.12-0.68)
Hyperlipidemia 0.60 (0.29-1.27)
Hypertension 0.36 (0.20-0.66) 0.66 (0.33-1.31)
Normal AFP 0.67 (0.38-1.18)
Size ≥ 5 cm 0.47 (0.26-0.84) 0.52 (0.14-1.91)
Met Milan criteria 1.86 (1.06-3.28) 0.69 (0.20-2.41)
Rupture 0.27 (0.06-1.22) 0.36 (0.07-1.85)
Significant values are in bold. NASH: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; HCC: hepatocellular cancer;
BMI: body mass index; AFP: alpha feto protein

Table 5. Predictors of 10-year survival after transplant
Univariate odds-ratio (95%CI) Multivariate odds-ratio (95%CI)
Age ≥ 65 2.45 (0.24-25.0)
Sex (Males) 3.0 (0.66-13.3)
Hepatitis B 1.41 (0.49-4.10)
Hepatitis C 0.53 (0.19-1.48)
Alcohol history 0.92 (0.34-2.49)
NASH/NAFLD 0.76 (0.14-4.08)
HCC found with surveillance 0.29 (0.09-0.98) 0.29 (0.07-1.21)
BMI ≥ 25 0.71 (0.22-2.26)
BMI ≥ 30 0.86 (0.27-2.74)
Smoking 1.40 (0.52-3.78)
Diabetes 0.37 (0.12-1.14) 0.51 (0.12-2.20)
Hyperlipidemia 1.04 (0.21-5.09)
Hypertension 0.32 (0.10-0.98) 0.28 (0.06-1.34)
Normal AFP 0.55 (0.20-1.50)
Size ≥ 5 cm 1.62 (0.28-9.58)
Single tumor 1.13 (0.33-3.84)
Recurrence 0.29 (0.09-0.98) 0.19 (0.03-1.02)

Significant values are in bold. NASH: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; HCC: hepatocellular cancer;
BMI: body mass index; AFP: alpha feto protein

of non 10-year survivors (48.7%) with mean time to recurrence of 15.3 ± 14.8 months and 61 (76.3%) had
treatment of the recurrence. Recurrence rate was 23.4% after transplant, 50.9% after resection and 85.7%
after just locoregional therapy. For the liver transplant patients, 73.3% of recurrences received the following
treatments: resections-5, RFA-2, external radiation-2 and systemic therapy-2. In the patients who received
liver resection, 80.7% of recurrences were treated with the following; RFA-19, systemic therapy-15, TACE-14,
repeat resection-11, radiation-3, Yttrium-90 radioembolization-2, and cryotherapy-1. Thirty-five liver
resection patients had more than one recurrence and received: chemotherapy-17, RFA-7, TACE-7, repeat
resection-2 and Yttrium-90 radioembolization-1. Of the 7 patients who had only locoregional therapy, 5
patients had RFA and 2 patients had TACE as their initial treatment. One patient had RFA for a 1.0 cm
lesion and died 14 years later from cardiac problems. The other 6 patients had recurrences 3-11 years after
their initial LRT and had subsequent procedures. Predictors of recurrence included alcohol abuse, HCV,