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Obeid et al. Vessel Plus 2022;6:43 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2021.136 Page 5 of 14

Table 2. Most common clinical endpoints in articles reporting preoperative AF or POAF
Prolonged
TE Bleeding Stroke (ischemic,
Author Mortality Arrythmia mechanical
events events hemorrhagic, both) ventilation
Colombo et al. 2019 [18] X X
[19]
Cho et al. 2020 X X X X
Chiang et al. 2020 [20] X X
[21]
Galand et al. 2019 X X
Tahsili-Fahadan et al. 2018 [23] X X
[24]
Parikh et al. 2016 X X X
[25]
Sherazi et al. 2018 X
[26]
Papathanisious et al. 2019 X X X
[27]
Hickey et al. 2020 X X
Deshmukh et al. 2017 [17] X X
[28]
Brenyo et al. 2012) X X
Iwasaki et al. 2020 [29] X X X
[30]
Deshmukh et al. 2018 X X X X
Hickey et al. 2016 [16] X X
[31]
Noll et al. 2019 X X X X
Gonuguntla et al. 2020 [32] X X
[33]
Imamura et al. 2019 X X X X
[34]
Joy et al. 2016 X X
[35]
Morgan et al. 2016 X X X
[36]
Xuereb et al. 2016 X X X X X
Hui et al. 2018 [38] X
[39]
Hawkins et al. 2018 X X X
Xia et al. 2016 [41] X X X
[43]
Kurihara et al. 2018 X X
Enriquez et al. 2014 [14] X X X X
[44]
Nassif et al. 2016 X X X
Izzy et al. 2018 [45] X X
[15]
Stulak et al. 2013 X X X
Morris et al. 2015 [47] X X
[22]
Blumer et al. 2020 X X X X
Total count 27 11 13 20 8 2

Given the paucity of individual investigations examining pre-op AF, the first systematic reviews were
published recently in 2018. The first LVAD meta-analysis included 11 studies with 6351 patients with
continuous-flow LVAD devices and did not find differences in TE events, device thrombosis or stroke in
patient with and without AF . This finding was reiterated by two different meta-analyses of seven
[49]
retrospective studies. There was no difference in TE events, stroke, or device thrombosis between the
preoperative AF and no AF groups [50,51] . Although no TE rate differences were found for AF versus no AF
patients, one study reported a significant increase in mortality in the pre-op AF LVAD population with a
relative risk (RR) of 1.16 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 1.05 to 1.28 . However,
[50]
Tantrachoti et al. raised the question as to whether these pre-op AF differences may have been due to a
sicker pre-op AF population, as the pre-op AF population was older and had increased rates of other
comorbidities, including diabetes and advanced kidney disease .
[50]