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Ashenhurst et al. Vessel Plus 2024;8:3 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2023.90 Page 5 of 15
Figure 2. Visualization of the heart through a left mini-thoracotomy (Internal photos of the incisions and procedures). The incision
measures approximately 5 to 8 cm. The patient gave explicit consent for their photo to be included in this review.
Figure 3. MICS CABG illustration with the equipment required to carry out the procedure: Starfish NS Heart Positioner (a), Octopus
Nuvo Tissue Stabilizer (b), and Thoratrak MICS Retractor System (c) [17] .
OUTCOMES
The appeal of minimally invasive surgery to patients is multifaceted: mitigation of inflammatory responses
due to CBP, lower risk of wound infection or pain, cosmesis and excellent short- and long-term
outcomes [17,24] .
The physiologic derangements brought on by CBP have been well-established in the literature [8-10] .
Prolonged use of CPB in coronary surgery is associated with an increased risk of stroke and other
postoperative complications affecting both long-term and short-term survival . By mitigating the use of
[25]
CBP, OPCAB and MICS CABG have been associated with a lower incidence of complications, especially in
high-risk patients [17,19,24,26-29] .
